1. Columella LJML. L Junius Moderatus Columella of husbandry. In twelve books: and his book concerning trees. Translated into English, with several illustrations from Pliny, Cato, Varro, Palladius, and other ancient and modern authors. London: A. Miller, 1745; 335.

1. Columella LJML. L Junius Moderatus Columella of husbandry. In twelve books: and his book concerning trees. Translated into English, with several illustrations from Pliny, Cato, Varro, Palladius, and other ancient and modern authors. London: A. Miller, 1745; 335.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

2. Bennett P, Perini E. Tail docking in dogs: can attitude change be achieved? Vet J 2003; 81: 277–282.

2. Bennett P, Perini E. Tail docking in dogs: can attitude change be achieved? Vet J 2003; 81: 277–282.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

3. Root Kustritz MV. Effects of surgical sterilization on canine and feline health and on society. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47: 214–222.

3. Root Kustritz MV. Effects of surgical sterilization on canine and feline health and on society. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47: 214–222.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

4. Hart B, Hart L, Thigpen A, et al. Long-term health effects of neutering dogs: comparison of Labrador Retrievers with Golden Retrievers. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e102241.

4. Hart B, Hart L, Thigpen A, et al. Long-term health effects of neutering dogs: comparison of Labrador Retrievers with Golden Retrievers. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e102241.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

5. Broughton A. Cropping and docking: a discussion of the controversy and role of law in preventing unnecessary cosmetic surgery in dogs. Available at: www.animallaw.info/article/cropping-and-docking-discussion-controversy-and-role-lawpreventing-unnecessary-cosmetic. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.

5. Broughton A. Cropping and docking: a discussion of the controversy and role of law in preventing unnecessary cosmetic surgery in dogs. Available at: www.animallaw.info/article/cropping-and-docking-discussion-controversy-and-role-lawpreventing-unnecessary-cosmetic. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

6. Noonan GJ, Rand JS, Blackshaw JK, et al. Tail docking in dogs: a sample of attitudes of veterinarians and dog breeders in Queensland. Aust Vet J 1996; 73: 86–88.

6. Noonan GJ, Rand JS, Blackshaw JK, et al. Tail docking in dogs: a sample of attitudes of veterinarians and dog breeders in Queensland. Aust Vet J 1996; 73: 86–88.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

7. Weber GH, Morton JM, Keates H. Postoperative pain and perioperative analgesic administration in dogs: practices, attitudes and beliefs of Queensland veterinarians. Vet J 2012; 90: 186–193.

7. Weber GH, Morton JM, Keates H. Postoperative pain and perioperative analgesic administration in dogs: practices, attitudes and beliefs of Queensland veterinarians. Vet J 2012; 90: 186–193.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

8. Landsberg G, Hunthausen W, Ackerman L. Behavior problems of the dog & cat. 3rd ed. St Louis: Saunders Elsevier, 2012.

8. Landsberg G, Hunthausen W, Ackerman L. Behavior problems of the dog & cat. 3rd ed. St Louis: Saunders Elsevier, 2012.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

9. Diesel G, Pfeiffer D, Crispin S, et al. Risk factors for tail injuries in dogs in Great Britain. Vet Rec 2010; 166: 812–817.

9. Diesel G, Pfeiffer D, Crispin S, et al. Risk factors for tail injuries in dogs in Great Britain. Vet Rec 2010; 166: 812–817.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

10. Cameron N, Lederer R, Bennett D, et al. The prevalence of tail injuries in working and non-working breed dogs visiting veterinary practices in Scotland. Vet Rec 2014; 174: 450.

10. Cameron N, Lederer R, Bennett D, et al. The prevalence of tail injuries in working and non-working breed dogs visiting veterinary practices in Scotland. Vet Rec 2014; 174: 450.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

11. Lederer R, Bennett D, Parkin T. Survey of tail injuries sustained by working gun dogs and terriers in Scotland. Vet Rec 2014; 174: 451.

11. Lederer R, Bennett D, Parkin T. Survey of tail injuries sustained by working gun dogs and terriers in Scotland. Vet Rec 2014; 174: 451.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

12. Hytonen MK, Grall A, Hedan B, et al. Ancestral t-box mutation is present in many, but not all, short-tailed dog breeds. J Hered 2009; 100: 236–240.

12. Hytonen MK, Grall A, Hedan B, et al. Ancestral t-box mutation is present in many, but not all, short-tailed dog breeds. J Hered 2009; 100: 236–240.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

13. Cattanach B. Bobtail Boxers. Available at: bobtailboxers.com/the-cross-corgi-ex-boxer. Accessed Mar 15, 2015.

13. Cattanach B. Bobtail Boxers. Available at: bobtailboxers.com/the-cross-corgi-ex-boxer. Accessed Mar 15, 2015.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

14. Noonan GJ, Rand JS, Blackshaw JK, et al. Behavioural observations of puppies undergoing tail docking. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1996; 49: 335–342.

14. Noonan GJ, Rand JS, Blackshaw JK, et al. Behavioural observations of puppies undergoing tail docking. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1996; 49: 335–342.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

15. Wansbrough R. Cosmetic tail docking of dogs. Aust Vet J 1996; 74: 59–63.

15. Wansbrough R. Cosmetic tail docking of dogs. Aust Vet J 1996; 74: 59–63.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

16. Gross T, Carr S. Amputation neuroma of docked tails in dogs. Vet Pathol 1990; 27: 61–62.

16. Gross T, Carr S. Amputation neuroma of docked tails in dogs. Vet Pathol 1990; 27: 61–62.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

17. Eicher SD, Cheng HW, Sorrells AD, et al. Short communication: behavioral and physiological indicators of sensitivity of chronic pain following tail docking. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89: 3047–3051.

17. Eicher SD, Cheng HW, Sorrells AD, et al. Short communication: behavioral and physiological indicators of sensitivity of chronic pain following tail docking. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89: 3047–3051.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

18. Jensen T, Nikolajsen L. Phantom pain and other phenomena after amputation. In: Wall P, Melzack R Eds. Textbook of pain. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1999;799–814.

18. Jensen T, Nikolajsen L. Phantom pain and other phenomena after amputation. In: Wall P, Melzack R Eds. Textbook of pain. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1999;799–814.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

19. Leaver S, Reimchen T. Behavioural responses of Canis familiaris to different tail lengths of a remotely-controlled life-size dog replica. Behaviour 2008; 145: 377–390.

19. Leaver S, Reimchen T. Behavioural responses of Canis familiaris to different tail lengths of a remotely-controlled life-size dog replica. Behaviour 2008; 145: 377–390.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

20. Henderson R, Horne R. The pinna. In: Slatter D Ed. Small animal surgery. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier Science, 1993;1545–1559.

20. Henderson R, Horne R. The pinna. In: Slatter D Ed. Small animal surgery. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier Science, 1993;1545–1559.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

21. Rosser E. Causes of otitis externa. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2004; 34: 459–468.

21. Rosser E. Causes of otitis externa. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2004; 34: 459–468.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

22. Hayes HM Jr, Pickle LW, Wilson GP. Effects of ear type and weather on the hospital prevalence of canine otitis externa. Res Vet Sci 1987; 42: 294–298.

22. Hayes HM Jr, Pickle LW, Wilson GP. Effects of ear type and weather on the hospital prevalence of canine otitis externa. Res Vet Sci 1987; 42: 294–298.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

23. Lehner G, Sauter Louis C, Mueller R. Reproducibility of ear cytology in dogs with otitis externa. Vet Rec 2010; 167: 23–26.

23. Lehner G, Sauter Louis C, Mueller R. Reproducibility of ear cytology in dogs with otitis externa. Vet Rec 2010; 167: 23–26.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

24. Fernandez G, Barboza G, Villabos A. Isolation and identification of microorganisms present in 53 dogs suffering from otitis externa. Rev Cient 2006; 16: 23–30.

24. Fernandez G, Barboza G, Villabos A. Isolation and identification of microorganisms present in 53 dogs suffering from otitis externa. Rev Cient 2006; 16: 23–30.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

25. Henderson R, Horne R. The pinna. In: Slatter D Ed. Textbook of small animal surgery. Vol 1. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier Science, 2003; 1737–1746.

25. Henderson R, Horne R. The pinna. In: Slatter D Ed. Textbook of small animal surgery. Vol 1. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier Science, 2003; 1737–1746.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

26. Crook A. Cosmetic surgery in North America and Latin America, in Proceedings. World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress 2001; 54–55.

26. Crook A. Cosmetic surgery in North America and Latin America, in Proceedings. World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress 2001; 54–55.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

27. Ciucci P, Lucchini V, Boitani L, et al. Dewclaws in wolves as evidence of admixed ancestry with dogs. Can J Zool 2003; 81: 2077–2081.

27. Ciucci P, Lucchini V, Boitani L, et al. Dewclaws in wolves as evidence of admixed ancestry with dogs. Can J Zool 2003; 81: 2077–2081.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

28. Park K, Kang J, Park S, et al. Linkage of the locus for canine dewclaw to chromosome 16. Genomics 2004; 83: 216–224.

28. Park K, Kang J, Park S, et al. Linkage of the locus for canine dewclaw to chromosome 16. Genomics 2004; 83: 216–224.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

29. Savant-Harris M. Removal of dew claws. In: Canine reproduction and whelping: a dog breeder's guide. Wenatchee, Wash: Dogwise Publishing, 2005.

29. Savant-Harris M. Removal of dew claws. In: Canine reproduction and whelping: a dog breeder's guide. Wenatchee, Wash: Dogwise Publishing, 2005.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

30. Becker M. Does our puppy need his dewclaws?Available at: www.vetstreet.com/dr-marty-becker/does-our-puppy-needhis-dewclaws. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.

30. Becker M. Does our puppy need his dewclaws?Available at: www.vetstreet.com/dr-marty-becker/does-our-puppy-needhis-dewclaws. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

31. Hedlund CS. Surgery of the integumentary system. In: Fossum T Ed. Small animal surgery. 3rd ed. St Louis: Mosby, 2007;254–255.

31. Hedlund CS. Surgery of the integumentary system. In: Fossum T Ed. Small animal surgery. 3rd ed. St Louis: Mosby, 2007;254–255.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

32. Hedlund CS. Surgery of the integumentary system. In: Fossum T Ed. Small animal surgery. 4th ed. St Louis: Mosby, 2011;251–259.

32. Hedlund CS. Surgery of the integumentary system. In: Fossum T Ed. Small animal surgery. 4th ed. St Louis: Mosby, 2011;251–259.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

33. Robinson DA, Romans CW, Gordon-Evans WJ, et al. Evaluation of short-term limb function following unilateral carbon dioxide laser or scalpel onychectomy in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007; 230: 353–358.

33. Robinson DA, Romans CW, Gordon-Evans WJ, et al. Evaluation of short-term limb function following unilateral carbon dioxide laser or scalpel onychectomy in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007; 230: 353–358.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

34. Yeon SC, Flanders JA, Scarlett JM, et al. Attitudes of owners regarding tendonectomy and onychectomy in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001; 218: 43–47.

34. Yeon SC, Flanders JA, Scarlett JM, et al. Attitudes of owners regarding tendonectomy and onychectomy in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001; 218: 43–47.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

35. Fatjo J, Ruiz-de-la-Torre J, Manteca X. The epidemiology of behavioural problems in dogs and cats: a survey of veterinary practitioners. Anim Welf 2006; 15: 179–185.

35. Fatjo J, Ruiz-de-la-Torre J, Manteca X. The epidemiology of behavioural problems in dogs and cats: a survey of veterinary practitioners. Anim Welf 2006; 15: 179–185.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

36. de Souza-Dantas L, Soares G, D'Almeida J, et al. Epidemiology of domestic cat behavioural and welfare issues: a survey of Brazilian referral animal hospitals in 2009. Int J Appl Res Vet Med 2009; 7: 130–137.

36. de Souza-Dantas L, Soares G, D'Almeida J, et al. Epidemiology of domestic cat behavioural and welfare issues: a survey of Brazilian referral animal hospitals in 2009. Int J Appl Res Vet Med 2009; 7: 130–137.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

37. Strickler B, Shull E. An owner survey of toys, activities, and behavior problems in indoor cats. J Vet Behav 2014; 9: 207–214.

37. Strickler B, Shull E. An owner survey of toys, activities, and behavior problems in indoor cats. J Vet Behav 2014; 9: 207–214.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

38. Ramos D, Mills DS. Human directed aggression in Brazilian domestic cats: owner reported prevalence, contexts and risk factors. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11: 835–841.

38. Ramos D, Mills DS. Human directed aggression in Brazilian domestic cats: owner reported prevalence, contexts and risk factors. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11: 835–841.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

39. Cozzi A, Leucelle CL, Monneret P, et al. Induction of scratching behaviour in cats: efficacy of synthetic feline interdigital semiochemical. J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15: 872–878.

39. Cozzi A, Leucelle CL, Monneret P, et al. Induction of scratching behaviour in cats: efficacy of synthetic feline interdigital semiochemical. J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15: 872–878.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

40. Patronek GJ, Glickman LT, Beck AM. Risk factors for relinquishment of cats to an animal shelter. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996; 209: 582–588.

40. Patronek GJ, Glickman LT, Beck AM. Risk factors for relinquishment of cats to an animal shelter. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996; 209: 582–588.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

41. Heidenberger E. Housing conditions and behavioural problems of indoor cats as assessed by their owners. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1997; 52: 345–364.

41. Heidenberger E. Housing conditions and behavioural problems of indoor cats as assessed by their owners. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1997; 52: 345–364.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

42. Patronek GJ. Assessment of claims of short and long term complications associated with onychectomy in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001; 219: 932–937.

42. Patronek GJ. Assessment of claims of short and long term complications associated with onychectomy in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001; 219: 932–937.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

43. Lockhart LE, Motsinger-Reif AA, Simpson WM, et al. Prevalence of onychectomy in cats presented for veterinary care near Raleigh, NC and educational attitudes toward the procedure. Vet Anaesth Analg 2014; 41: 48–53.

43. Lockhart LE, Motsinger-Reif AA, Simpson WM, et al. Prevalence of onychectomy in cats presented for veterinary care near Raleigh, NC and educational attitudes toward the procedure. Vet Anaesth Analg 2014; 41: 48–53.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

44. Carroll GL, Howe LB, Slater MR, et al. Evaluation of analgesia provided by postoperative administration of butorphanol to cats undergoing onychectomy. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213: 246–250.

44. Carroll GL, Howe LB, Slater MR, et al. Evaluation of analgesia provided by postoperative administration of butorphanol to cats undergoing onychectomy. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213: 246–250.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

45. Cloutier S, Newberry R, Cambridge A, et al. Behavioural signs of postoperative pain in cats following onychectomy of tenectomy surgery. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2005; 92: 325–335.

45. Cloutier S, Newberry R, Cambridge A, et al. Behavioural signs of postoperative pain in cats following onychectomy of tenectomy surgery. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2005; 92: 325–335.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

46. Clark K, Bailey T, Rist P, et al. Comparison of 3 methods of onychectomy. Can Vet J 2014; 55: 255–262.

46. Clark K, Bailey T, Rist P, et al. Comparison of 3 methods of onychectomy. Can Vet J 2014; 55: 255–262.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

47. Holmberg D, Brisson B. A prospective comparison of postoperative morbidity associated with the use of scalpel blades and lasers for onychectomy in cats. Can Vet J 2006; 27: 162–163.

47. Holmberg D, Brisson B. A prospective comparison of postoperative morbidity associated with the use of scalpel blades and lasers for onychectomy in cats. Can Vet J 2006; 27: 162–163.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

48. Jankowski AJ, Brown DC, Duval J, et al. Comparison of effects of elective tenectomy or onychectomy in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213: 370–373.

48. Jankowski AJ, Brown DC, Duval J, et al. Comparison of effects of elective tenectomy or onychectomy in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213: 370–373.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

49. Tobias KS. Feline onychectomy at a teaching institution: a retrospective study of 163 cases. Vet Surg 1994; 23: 274–280.

49. Tobias KS. Feline onychectomy at a teaching institution: a retrospective study of 163 cases. Vet Surg 1994; 23: 274–280.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

50. Pollari FL, Bonnett BN. Evaluation of postoperative complications following elective surgeries of dogs and cats in private practices using computer records. Can Vet J 1996; 37: 672–678.

50. Pollari FL, Bonnett BN. Evaluation of postoperative complications following elective surgeries of dogs and cats in private practices using computer records. Can Vet J 1996; 37: 672–678.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

51. Landsberg G. Cat owners’ attitudes towards declawing. Anthrozoos 1991; 4: 192–197.

51. Landsberg G. Cat owners’ attitudes towards declawing. Anthrozoos 1991; 4: 192–197.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

52. CVMA website. Onychectomy (declaw) of the domestic felid. Available at: www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/onychectomy-of-the-domestic-felid. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.

52. CVMA website. Onychectomy (declaw) of the domestic felid. Available at: www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/onychectomy-of-the-domestic-felid. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

53. Mengoli M, Mariti C, Cozzi A, et al. Scratching behaviour and its features: a questionnaire-based study in an Italian sample of domestic cats. J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15: 886–892.

53. Mengoli M, Mariti C, Cozzi A, et al. Scratching behaviour and its features: a questionnaire-based study in an Italian sample of domestic cats. J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15: 886–892.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

54. Monnet E. Small animal soft tissue surgery. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013.

54. Monnet E. Small animal soft tissue surgery. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

55. New J Jr, Salman M, King M, et al. Characteristics of shelter-relinquished animals and their owners compared with animals and their owners in US pet-owning households. J Appl Anim Welf Sci 2000; 3: 179–201.

55. New J Jr, Salman M, King M, et al. Characteristics of shelter-relinquished animals and their owners compared with animals and their owners in US pet-owning households. J Appl Anim Welf Sci 2000; 3: 179–201.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

56. Wells DL, Hepper PG. Prevalence of behaviour problems reported by owners of dogs purchased from an animal rescue shelter. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2000; 69: 55–65.

56. Wells DL, Hepper PG. Prevalence of behaviour problems reported by owners of dogs purchased from an animal rescue shelter. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2000; 69: 55–65.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

57. Stafford K. Training methods. In: Stafford K Ed. The welfare of dogs. Dordecht, the Netherlands: Springer, 2007.

57. Stafford K. Training methods. In: Stafford K Ed. The welfare of dogs. Dordecht, the Netherlands: Springer, 2007.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

58. Yin S, Fernandez E, Pagan S, et al. Efficacy of a remote-controlled, positive-reinforcement, dog-training system for modifying problem behaviors exhibited when people arrive at the door. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2008; 113: 123–138.

58. Yin S, Fernandez E, Pagan S, et al. Efficacy of a remote-controlled, positive-reinforcement, dog-training system for modifying problem behaviors exhibited when people arrive at the door. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2008; 113: 123–138.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

59. Flint E, Minot E, Stevenson M, et al. Barking in home alone suburban dogs (Canis familiaris) in New Zealand. J Vet Behav 2013; 8: 302–305.

59. Flint E, Minot E, Stevenson M, et al. Barking in home alone suburban dogs (Canis familiaris) in New Zealand. J Vet Behav 2013; 8: 302–305.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

60. Wells D. The effectiveness of a citronella spray collar in reducing certain forms of barking in dogs. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2001; 73: 299–309.

60. Wells D. The effectiveness of a citronella spray collar in reducing certain forms of barking in dogs. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2001; 73: 299–309.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

61. Steiss J, Schaffer C, Ahmad H, et al. Evaluation of plasma cortisol levels and behavior in dogs wearing bark control collars. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2007; 106: 96–106.

61. Steiss J, Schaffer C, Ahmad H, et al. Evaluation of plasma cortisol levels and behavior in dogs wearing bark control collars. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2007; 106: 96–106.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

62. Schilder M, van der Borg J. Training dogs with help of the shock collar: short and long term behavioural effects. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2004; 85: 319–334.

62. Schilder M, van der Borg J. Training dogs with help of the shock collar: short and long term behavioural effects. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2004; 85: 319–334.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

63. Mehl ML, Kyles AE, Pypendop BH, et al. Outcome of laryngeal web resection with mucosal apposition for treatment of airway obstruction in dogs: 15 cases (1992–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2008; 233: 738–742.

63. Mehl ML, Kyles AE, Pypendop BH, et al. Outcome of laryngeal web resection with mucosal apposition for treatment of airway obstruction in dogs: 15 cases (1992–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2008; 233: 738–742.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

64. CVMA. Cutting canine teeth in adult dogs, and deciduous teeth in puppies. Available at: www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/cutting-canine-teeth-in-dogs-and%20deciduous%20teeth-in-puppies. Accessed Mar 3, 2014.

64. CVMA. Cutting canine teeth in adult dogs, and deciduous teeth in puppies. Available at: www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/cutting-canine-teeth-in-dogs-and%20deciduous%20teeth-in-puppies. Accessed Mar 3, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

65. United States Department of Agriculture. Animal welfare: policy#3: veterinary care. Available at: www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/policy.php?policy=3. Accessed Mar 6, 2014.

65. United States Department of Agriculture. Animal welfare: policy#3: veterinary care. Available at: www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/policy.php?policy=3. Accessed Mar 6, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

66. Council of Europe. European convention for the protection of pet animals. Available at: conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/125.htm. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.

66. Council of Europe. European convention for the protection of pet animals. Available at: conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/125.htm. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

67. Lefebvre D, Lips D, Giffroy JM. The European convention for the protection of pet animals and tail docking in dogs. Rev Sci Tech 2007; 26: 619–628.

67. Lefebvre D, Lips D, Giffroy JM. The European convention for the protection of pet animals and tail docking in dogs. Rev Sci Tech 2007; 26: 619–628.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

68. AVMA. Ear cropping and tail docking of dogs. Available at: www.avma.org/KB/Policies/Pages/Ear-Cropping-and-Tail-Docking-of-Dogs.aspx. Accessed Dec 15, 2014.

68. AVMA. Ear cropping and tail docking of dogs. Available at: www.avma.org/KB/Policies/Pages/Ear-Cropping-and-Tail-Docking-of-Dogs.aspx. Accessed Dec 15, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

69. CVMA. Cosmetic alterations. Available at. www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/cosmetic-alteration. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.

69. CVMA. Cosmetic alterations. Available at. www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/cosmetic-alteration. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

70. American Kennel Club. Canine legislation position statement. Available at: images.akc.org/pdf/canine_legislation/position_statements/Ear_Cropping_Tail_Docking_and_Dewclaw_Removal.pdf. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.

70. American Kennel Club. Canine legislation position statement. Available at: images.akc.org/pdf/canine_legislation/position_statements/Ear_Cropping_Tail_Docking_and_Dewclaw_Removal.pdf. Accessed Nov 28, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

71. AVMA. Welfare implications of canine devocalization. Available at: https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/LiteratureReviews/Documents/Backgrounder-Canine%20Devocalization-Final. pdf. Accessed Dec 1, 2015.

71. AVMA. Welfare implications of canine devocalization. Available at: https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/LiteratureReviews/Documents/Backgrounder-Canine%20Devocalization-Final. pdf. Accessed Dec 1, 2015.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

72. CVMA. Devocalization of dogs. Available at: www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/devocalization-of-dogs#.UxT7yvmwKyI. Accessed Mar 3, 2014.

72. CVMA. Devocalization of dogs. Available at: www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/devocalization-of-dogs#.UxT7yvmwKyI. Accessed Mar 3, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

73. The College of Veterinarians of Ontario. Medically unnecessary veterinary surgery (“Cosmetic surgery”). Available at: www.cvo.org/CVO/media/College-of-Veterinarians-of-Ontario/Resources%20and%20Publications/Position%20Statements%20and%20Guidelines/MUVSCosmeticSurgery.pdf. Accessed Nov 27, 2014.

73. The College of Veterinarians of Ontario. Medically unnecessary veterinary surgery (“Cosmetic surgery”). Available at: www.cvo.org/CVO/media/College-of-Veterinarians-of-Ontario/Resources%20and%20Publications/Position%20Statements%20and%20Guidelines/MUVSCosmeticSurgery.pdf. Accessed Nov 27, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

74. Newfoundland and Labrador. Animal health and protection act. Available at: www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/statutes/a09-1.htm#76_;. Accessed May 15, 2015.

74. Newfoundland and Labrador. Animal health and protection act. Available at: www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/statutes/a09-1.htm#76_;. Accessed May 15, 2015.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

75. AVMA. State law governing elective surgical procedures. Available at: www.avma.org/Advocacy/StateAndLocal/Pages/srelective-procedures.aspx. Accessed Nov 27, 2014.

75. AVMA. State law governing elective surgical procedures. Available at: www.avma.org/Advocacy/StateAndLocal/Pages/srelective-procedures.aspx. Accessed Nov 27, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

76. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. An act prohibiting devocalization of dogs and cats. Available at: malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2010/Chapter82. Accessed May 15, 2015.

76. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. An act prohibiting devocalization of dogs and cats. Available at: malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2010/Chapter82. Accessed May 15, 2015.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

77. Australian Veterinary Association. Surgical alteration to the natural state of animals. Available at: www.ava.com.au/policy/31-surgical-alteration-natural-state-animals. Accessed May 15, 2015.

77. Australian Veterinary Association. Surgical alteration to the natural state of animals. Available at: www.ava.com.au/policy/31-surgical-alteration-natural-state-animals. Accessed May 15, 2015.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

78. Rollin B. Animal production and the new social ethic for animals, in Proceedings. Food Anim Well-Being Conf Workshop 1993; 3–13.

78. Rollin B. Animal production and the new social ethic for animals, in Proceedings. Food Anim Well-Being Conf Workshop 1993; 3–13.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

79. American Kennel Club. Frequently asked conformation questions. Available at: www.akc.org/events/conformation/faqs.cfm. Accessed Feb 25, 2014.

79. American Kennel Club. Frequently asked conformation questions. Available at: www.akc.org/events/conformation/faqs.cfm. Accessed Feb 25, 2014.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

80. Council of Docked Breeds. Available at: www.cdb.org/. Accessed Mar 6, 2014.

81. Atwood-Harvey D. Death or declaw: dealing with moral ambiguity in a veterinary hospital. Soc Anim 2005; 13: 315–342.

81. Atwood-Harvey D. Death or declaw: dealing with moral ambiguity in a veterinary hospital. Soc Anim 2005; 13: 315–342.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

82. Croney C. Words matter: implications of semantics and imagery in framing animal-welfare issues. J Vet Med Educ 2010; 37: 101–106.

82. Croney C. Words matter: implications of semantics and imagery in framing animal-welfare issues. J Vet Med Educ 2010; 37: 101–106.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

83. Weary D, Niel L, Flower F, et al. Identifying and preventing pain in animals. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2006; 100: 64–76.

83. Weary D, Niel L, Flower F, et al. Identifying and preventing pain in animals. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2006; 100: 64–76.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

84. Robertson SA, Lascelles BD. Long-term pain in cats: how much do we know about this important welfare issue? J Feline Med Surg 2010; 12: 188–199.

84. Robertson SA, Lascelles BD. Long-term pain in cats: how much do we know about this important welfare issue? J Feline Med Surg 2010; 12: 188–199.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation