Effects of cyclosporine A on clinical and histologic abnormalities in dogs with sebaceous adenitis

Monika Linek Veterinary Clinic Linek, Brunnenkoppel 1, 22041 Hamburg, Germany.

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Christina Boss Veterinary Dermatopathology Service, Bellevue 23, 22301 Hamburg, Germany.

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 DVM
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Renate Haemmerling Veterinary Clinic Haemmerling, Spichernstr 8, 40476 Duesseldorf, Germany.

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Marion Hewicker-Trautwein Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.

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Lars Mecklenburg Veterinary Dermatopathology Service, Bellevue 23, 22301 Hamburg, Germany.

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 PhD

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate the effects of cyclosporine A in the treatment of sebaceous adenitis in dogs.

Design—Open-label clinical trial.

Animals—12 dogs with sebaceous adenitis.

Procedure—Dogs were treated with cyclosporine A at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/d (2.3 mg/lb/d), PO, for 12 months and reevaluated every 4 months. A clinical score was calculated by grading the extent of alopecia and severity of follicular casts as absent, mild, moderate, or severe in each of 17 body regions. Biopsy specimens were obtained and examined histologically and by means of immunohistochemical staining.

Results—Mean clinical score was significantly decreased, compared with baseline score, after 4 months of treatment and remained low after 8 and 12 months. Histologically, the severity of inflammation was significantly decreased, as were numbers of macrophages, CD3+ T cells, and major histocompatibility complex class II-expressing cells. The percentage of hair follicles with sebaceous glands increased, suggesting regeneration of sebaceous glands. Clinical signs recurred when cyclosporine administration was discontinued.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that administration of cyclosporine A at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/d may reduce the inflammation associated with sebaceous adenitis in dogs. Long-term treatment appears to be neccessary to control the disease. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;226:59–64)

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate the effects of cyclosporine A in the treatment of sebaceous adenitis in dogs.

Design—Open-label clinical trial.

Animals—12 dogs with sebaceous adenitis.

Procedure—Dogs were treated with cyclosporine A at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/d (2.3 mg/lb/d), PO, for 12 months and reevaluated every 4 months. A clinical score was calculated by grading the extent of alopecia and severity of follicular casts as absent, mild, moderate, or severe in each of 17 body regions. Biopsy specimens were obtained and examined histologically and by means of immunohistochemical staining.

Results—Mean clinical score was significantly decreased, compared with baseline score, after 4 months of treatment and remained low after 8 and 12 months. Histologically, the severity of inflammation was significantly decreased, as were numbers of macrophages, CD3+ T cells, and major histocompatibility complex class II-expressing cells. The percentage of hair follicles with sebaceous glands increased, suggesting regeneration of sebaceous glands. Clinical signs recurred when cyclosporine administration was discontinued.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that administration of cyclosporine A at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/d may reduce the inflammation associated with sebaceous adenitis in dogs. Long-term treatment appears to be neccessary to control the disease. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;226:59–64)

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