Failure of holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser lithotripsy in two horses with calculi in the urinary bladder

Kimberly A. May Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia- Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061.
Present address is Surgi-Care Center for Horses, 511 E Bloomingdale Ave, Brandon, FL 33511.

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R. Scott Pleasant Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia- Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061.

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Rick D. Howard Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia- Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061.

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H. David Moll Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.

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Katja F. Duesterdieck Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia- Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061.

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Charles G. MacAllister Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.

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Kenneth E. Bartels Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.

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