Factors associated with spread of pseudorabies virus among breeding swine in quarantined herds
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Summary
Knowledge of the factors that place susceptible gilts at highest risk of pseudorabies virus (prv) infection in a quarantined herd is crucial to reduce spread of prv within the herd. Cohorts of prv seronegative gilts were monitored in 17 herds that were endemically infected with prv to determine the location of breeding females at the time of infection with prv and identify herd characteristics and management and housing factors that may influence spread of prv in the breeding section of swine herds endemically infected with prv. Blood samples were collected every 1 to 2 months for an average of 13.6 months. In addition, blood was collected from a representative sample of finishing pigs (≥ 20 weeks old) 3 times per year to determine their serologic prv status. Incidence rates and relative risks of prv infection were estimated for 4 areas of the breeding section: gestation barn, gilt pool, farrowing room, and breeding area. Overall, 28, 11, 8, and 2 females became infected with prv in each of these areas, respectively. The greater number of females infected in the gestation barns, compared with the number of females infected in other locations, is probably a consequence of being at risk for a longer period rather than of a higher incidence rate. Herd size, common housing for gilts in the gilt pool and sows, and serologic pattern of prv infection in finishing pigs were associated with the detection of spread of prv in the breeding section of the 17 herds. An implication of these findings is that attempts to control the spread of prv among females in the breeding herd must be made in all phases of production.
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