Efficacy of mitoxantrone against various neoplasms in dogs

Gregory K. Ogilvie From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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Joyce E. Obradovich From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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Robyn E. Elmslie From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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David M. Vail From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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A. S. Moore From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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Rodney C. Straw From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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Krista Dickinson From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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Mary F. Cooper From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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Stephen J. Withrow From The Comparative Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Ogilvie, Obradovich, Elmslie, Vail, Straw, Dickinson, Cooper, Withrow) and Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Moore).

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Summary

One hundred twenty-six dogs with histologically confirmed, measurable malignant tumors were evaluated in a prospective study to determine the response to the antineoplastic drug mitoxantrone. Ninety-five dogs had been refractory to one or more treatment modalities (surgery, n = 57; chemotherapy other than mitoxantrone, n = 37; radiation, n = 4; whole body hyperthermia, n = 1). The extent of neoplastic disease was determined immediately before each dose of mitoxantrone was administered (1 to 10 doses, 2.5 to 5 mg/m2 of body surface area, iv) 21 days apart. Each dog was treated with mitoxantrone until the dog developed progressive disease or until the dog's quality of life diminished to an unacceptable level as determined by the owner or attending veterinarian.

A partial or complete remission (>50% volume reduction) was obtained in 23% (29/126) of all dogs treated. Tumors in which there was a partial or complete remission included lymphoma (11/32), squamous cell carcinoma (4/9), fibrosarcoma (2/9), thyroid carcinoma (1/10), transitional cell carcinoma (1/6), mammary adenocarcinoma (1/6), hepatocellular carcinoma (1/4), renal adenocarcinoma (1/1), rectal carcinoma (1/1), chondrosarcoma (1/2), oral malignant melanoma (1/12), cutaneous malignant melanoma (1/1), myxosarcoma (1/1), mesothelioma (1/1), and hemangiopericytoma (1/1).

Our results indicated that mitoxantrone induces measurable regression in various malignant tumors in dogs.

Summary

One hundred twenty-six dogs with histologically confirmed, measurable malignant tumors were evaluated in a prospective study to determine the response to the antineoplastic drug mitoxantrone. Ninety-five dogs had been refractory to one or more treatment modalities (surgery, n = 57; chemotherapy other than mitoxantrone, n = 37; radiation, n = 4; whole body hyperthermia, n = 1). The extent of neoplastic disease was determined immediately before each dose of mitoxantrone was administered (1 to 10 doses, 2.5 to 5 mg/m2 of body surface area, iv) 21 days apart. Each dog was treated with mitoxantrone until the dog developed progressive disease or until the dog's quality of life diminished to an unacceptable level as determined by the owner or attending veterinarian.

A partial or complete remission (>50% volume reduction) was obtained in 23% (29/126) of all dogs treated. Tumors in which there was a partial or complete remission included lymphoma (11/32), squamous cell carcinoma (4/9), fibrosarcoma (2/9), thyroid carcinoma (1/10), transitional cell carcinoma (1/6), mammary adenocarcinoma (1/6), hepatocellular carcinoma (1/4), renal adenocarcinoma (1/1), rectal carcinoma (1/1), chondrosarcoma (1/2), oral malignant melanoma (1/12), cutaneous malignant melanoma (1/1), myxosarcoma (1/1), mesothelioma (1/1), and hemangiopericytoma (1/1).

Our results indicated that mitoxantrone induces measurable regression in various malignant tumors in dogs.

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