Antagonism by flumazenil of midazolam-induced changes in quantitative electroencephalographic data from isofluraneanesthetized dogs
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Summary
Quantitative electroencephalography (qeeg) was assessed in 5 dogs anesthetized with 1.6% end-tidal concentration of isoflurane and after subsequent administration of the benzodiazepine midazolam (0.2 mg/kg of body weight, iv). Ventilation was controlled to maintain normocapnia. Effect of the benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil (0.04 mg/kg, iv), on qeeg in midazolam-isoflurane-anesthetized dogs was determined. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, esophageal temperature, arterial pH and blood gas tensions, endtidal CO2 concentration, and end-tidal isoflurane concentration were monitored throughout the study. A 21-lead linked-ear montage was used for recording the eeg data. Quantitative eeg data were stored on an optical disk for later analysis. Values for absolute power of eeg were determined for δ-, θ-, α-, and β-frequencies. Cardiovascular variables remained stable throughout the study. Midazolam administration was associated with decreased absolute power in all frequencies of eeg at all electrode sites. Administration of flumazenil antagonized midazolam-induced decreased absolute power of eeg in all frequencies at all electrode sites. We conclude that qeeg provides a noninvasive, objective measure of midazolamand flumazenil-induced changes in cortical activity during isoflurane anesthesia.
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