Induction and enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis by canine coronavirus

F. McArdle From the Departments of Veterinary Pathology (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell R, Tennant, Kelly) and Veterinary Clinical Science (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell C), Veterinary Field Station, University of Liverpool Field Station, Leahurst, Neston, Wirral L64 7TE.

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 BSc, PhD
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M. Bennett From the Departments of Veterinary Pathology (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell R, Tennant, Kelly) and Veterinary Clinical Science (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell C), Veterinary Field Station, University of Liverpool Field Station, Leahurst, Neston, Wirral L64 7TE.

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R. M. Gaskell From the Departments of Veterinary Pathology (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell R, Tennant, Kelly) and Veterinary Clinical Science (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell C), Veterinary Field Station, University of Liverpool Field Station, Leahurst, Neston, Wirral L64 7TE.

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B. Tennant From the Departments of Veterinary Pathology (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell R, Tennant, Kelly) and Veterinary Clinical Science (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell C), Veterinary Field Station, University of Liverpool Field Station, Leahurst, Neston, Wirral L64 7TE.

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D. F. Kelly From the Departments of Veterinary Pathology (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell R, Tennant, Kelly) and Veterinary Clinical Science (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell C), Veterinary Field Station, University of Liverpool Field Station, Leahurst, Neston, Wirral L64 7TE.

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C. J. Gaskell From the Departments of Veterinary Pathology (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell R, Tennant, Kelly) and Veterinary Clinical Science (McArdle, Bennett, Gaskell C), Veterinary Field Station, University of Liverpool Field Station, Leahurst, Neston, Wirral L64 7TE.

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 BVSc, PhD, DVR

SUMMARY

Preexisting antibody to feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) causes acceleration and enhancement of disease on subsequent infection of cats with fipv. Other workers have shown that canine coronavirus (ccv) can infect cats subclinically, but have found no evidence of enhancement of, or protection against, subsequent fipv infection. With various isolates of ccv, we determined that 1 strain of ccv can induce transient mild diarrhea in cats and, furthermore, that previous infection with ccv causes acceleration and enhancement of subsequent infection with fipv. In addition, sequential inoculation of cats with another strain of ccv caused lesions indistinguishable from those of fip, without exposure at any time to fipv.

SUMMARY

Preexisting antibody to feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) causes acceleration and enhancement of disease on subsequent infection of cats with fipv. Other workers have shown that canine coronavirus (ccv) can infect cats subclinically, but have found no evidence of enhancement of, or protection against, subsequent fipv infection. With various isolates of ccv, we determined that 1 strain of ccv can induce transient mild diarrhea in cats and, furthermore, that previous infection with ccv causes acceleration and enhancement of subsequent infection with fipv. In addition, sequential inoculation of cats with another strain of ccv caused lesions indistinguishable from those of fip, without exposure at any time to fipv.

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