Search for bovine papilloma virus DNA in bovine ocular squamous cell carcinomas (boscc) and boscc-derived cell lines

Victor P. M. G. Rutten From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht (Rutten, De Jong, Ruitenberg), the Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80.153, 3508 TD Utrecht (Klein), the Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Department of Research and Development, PO Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft (Quint), the Laboratory for Pathology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven (Den Otter), the Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, PO Box 9406, 1006 AK Amsterdam (Ruitenberg), and the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

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Wim R. Klein From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht (Rutten, De Jong, Ruitenberg), the Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80.153, 3508 TD Utrecht (Klein), the Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Department of Research and Development, PO Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft (Quint), the Laboratory for Pathology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven (Den Otter), the Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, PO Box 9406, 1006 AK Amsterdam (Ruitenberg), and the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

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Mieke A. C. De Jong From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht (Rutten, De Jong, Ruitenberg), the Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80.153, 3508 TD Utrecht (Klein), the Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Department of Research and Development, PO Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft (Quint), the Laboratory for Pathology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven (Den Otter), the Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, PO Box 9406, 1006 AK Amsterdam (Ruitenberg), and the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

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Wim Quint From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht (Rutten, De Jong, Ruitenberg), the Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80.153, 3508 TD Utrecht (Klein), the Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Department of Research and Development, PO Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft (Quint), the Laboratory for Pathology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven (Den Otter), the Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, PO Box 9406, 1006 AK Amsterdam (Ruitenberg), and the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

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Wim Den Otter From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht (Rutten, De Jong, Ruitenberg), the Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80.153, 3508 TD Utrecht (Klein), the Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Department of Research and Development, PO Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft (Quint), the Laboratory for Pathology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven (Den Otter), the Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, PO Box 9406, 1006 AK Amsterdam (Ruitenberg), and the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

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E. Joost Ruitenberg From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht (Rutten, De Jong, Ruitenberg), the Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80.153, 3508 TD Utrecht (Klein), the Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Department of Research and Development, PO Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft (Quint), the Laboratory for Pathology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven (Den Otter), the Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, PO Box 9406, 1006 AK Amsterdam (Ruitenberg), and the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

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Willem J. G. Melchers From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht (Rutten, De Jong, Ruitenberg), the Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, PO Box 80.153, 3508 TD Utrecht (Klein), the Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Department of Research and Development, PO Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft (Quint), the Laboratory for Pathology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven (Den Otter), the Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, PO Box 9406, 1006 AK Amsterdam (Ruitenberg), and the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

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SUMMARY

Although the cause of bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma (boscc) is attributed to viruses in addition to cofactors (eg, uv light), to our knowledge, the final causative agent has not been described. Bovine papilloma virus (bpv)- like particles were detected in approximately 33% of various putative precursor lesions of boscc. In contrast, it was reported that, using bpv-specific antibodies, it was not possible to detect viral antigens in boscc. Fourteen established boscc and 9 boscc-derived cell lines were examined for bpv dna. Probes of all 6 known bpv types were used in various hybridization assays. Neither Southern blot analysis, under high and low stringency conditions, nor in situ hybridization resulted in detection of bpv dna. Papilloma viruses were not observed in electron microscopic studies. Results exclude direct association between boscc and bpv types 1 to 6, or as yet unknown closely related bpv types. However, bpv may contribute to induction of precursor lesions or events leading to carcinogenic transformation, without being relevant for maintenance of the tumor.

SUMMARY

Although the cause of bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma (boscc) is attributed to viruses in addition to cofactors (eg, uv light), to our knowledge, the final causative agent has not been described. Bovine papilloma virus (bpv)- like particles were detected in approximately 33% of various putative precursor lesions of boscc. In contrast, it was reported that, using bpv-specific antibodies, it was not possible to detect viral antigens in boscc. Fourteen established boscc and 9 boscc-derived cell lines were examined for bpv dna. Probes of all 6 known bpv types were used in various hybridization assays. Neither Southern blot analysis, under high and low stringency conditions, nor in situ hybridization resulted in detection of bpv dna. Papilloma viruses were not observed in electron microscopic studies. Results exclude direct association between boscc and bpv types 1 to 6, or as yet unknown closely related bpv types. However, bpv may contribute to induction of precursor lesions or events leading to carcinogenic transformation, without being relevant for maintenance of the tumor.

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