Effect of bovine fibroblast interferon on rhinovirus infection in calves

Bruce D. Rosenquist From the Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211.

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Gary K. Allen From the Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211.

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Summary

The prophylactic/therapeutic activity of natural bovine fibroblast interferon (BoF-ifn) against bovine rhinovirus infection in calves was assessed. Six calves were each given 8 intranasal inoculations of partially purified BoF-ifn (3.25 × 105 U at 8 am, 11 am, 5 pm, and 8 pm on day 1 and 8 am, 11 am, 2 pm, and 5pm on day 2), and 6 calves were given placebo. All calves were challenge exposed with 105.1 TCID50) of bovine rhinovirus after the first 2 treatments (6 hours after the first ifn or placebo treatment). Nasal excretion of rhinovirus, ifn concentration in the nasal secretions, and nasal secretion and serum rhinovirus antibodies were measured before and at selected times after calves were inoculated. Interferon-treated calves excreted rhinovirus in their nasal secretions in lesser amounts (mean value, 0.84 log10 TCID50/ml vs 1.58 log10 TCID50/ml on postchallenge exposure days 1 and 2; (P < 0.05) and for a shorter duration (P < 0.05) than did placebo-treated calves. No calves developed clinical signs of respiratory tract illness. Rhinovirus antibody titer was not significantly different between ifn- and placebo-treated calves.

Summary

The prophylactic/therapeutic activity of natural bovine fibroblast interferon (BoF-ifn) against bovine rhinovirus infection in calves was assessed. Six calves were each given 8 intranasal inoculations of partially purified BoF-ifn (3.25 × 105 U at 8 am, 11 am, 5 pm, and 8 pm on day 1 and 8 am, 11 am, 2 pm, and 5pm on day 2), and 6 calves were given placebo. All calves were challenge exposed with 105.1 TCID50) of bovine rhinovirus after the first 2 treatments (6 hours after the first ifn or placebo treatment). Nasal excretion of rhinovirus, ifn concentration in the nasal secretions, and nasal secretion and serum rhinovirus antibodies were measured before and at selected times after calves were inoculated. Interferon-treated calves excreted rhinovirus in their nasal secretions in lesser amounts (mean value, 0.84 log10 TCID50/ml vs 1.58 log10 TCID50/ml on postchallenge exposure days 1 and 2; (P < 0.05) and for a shorter duration (P < 0.05) than did placebo-treated calves. No calves developed clinical signs of respiratory tract illness. Rhinovirus antibody titer was not significantly different between ifn- and placebo-treated calves.

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