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the vertebral heart score. 7 The width of T8 was chosen because T8 is caudal enough that it is rarely obscured by thoracic limb skin folds, but cranial enough that it is consistently included in thoracic radiographs. With the data for the 87 dogs of
exclude dogs with cardiomegaly (defined as vertebral heart score > 11.2). 17 To rule out hemodynamically relevant cardiovascular diseases, mitral valve regurgitation was analyzed with Doppler echocardiography. Dogs with volume-overloaded ventricles were
vertebra VHS Vertebral heart score a. No. 52-008-006-1, Fred V Fowler Co, Newton, Mass. b. Systat, version 11.0, SPSS, Chicago, Ill. References 1. Kittleson MD Meurs KM Munro MJ , et al. Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in
coefficient ICS Intercostal space IQR Interquartile range (75th percentile – 25th percentile) R/S R wave-to-S wave ratio VHS Vertebral heart score Footnotes a. Agfa Health Care, Milan, Italy. b. Vivid E9, GE Healthcare, Milan, Italy. c
-view thoracic radiographs were also obtained on days 0 and 14, and a vertebral heart score was calculated by use of the right lateral view as described elsewhere. 44 Statistical analysis To ensure control dogs had been effectively matched to prednisone
and right lateral recumbency on the examination table. Right lateral and ventrodorsal views of thoracic radiographs obtained during maximal inspiration were used to calculate the vertebral heart score and detect abnormalities in the lung field (Titan
heart (long axis), in addition to the widest part of the cardiac silhouette perpendicular to the carina-to-apex axis (short axis). Vertebral heart score was obtained by adding the corresponding number of vertebrae starting from the fourth thoracic
physical examination, thoracic radiography, echocardiography, and evaluation by use of cardiac catheterization. Thoracic radiographs were analyzed by use of a clock analogy method, and vertebral heart score was measured. 15 Left ventricular end
results, and medical treatment at presentation. A commercial digital radiography system (RadiAnt DICOM Viewer version 2020.2, Medixant Corporation) was used to measure the vertebral heart score (VHS) and vertebral left atrial score (VLAS), which were
for staging MMVD in dogs are murmur intensity, radiographic vertebral heart score (VHS), echocardiographic LA-to-artery ratio (LA:Ao) and left ventricular internal diameter in diastole normalized for body weight (LVIdDN), and clinical signs of heart