Search Results
, g Surgery —Forty-eight hours after xylene instillation, the ventral portion of the abdomen and vulva were clipped with a No. 40 blade and aseptically prepared. Ventral midline celiotomy was performed with the incision beginning at the umbilicus and
SUMMARY
Reference values for hematologic variables change with increasing age in cattle. Therefore, the purpose of the study reported here was to describe the peritoneal fluid constitutents of clinically normal young calves, and to compare cellular concentration and distribution in blood and peritoneal fluid of young calves with those of adult cattle.
Eight healthy 8-week-old male Holstein calves and 8 healthy 3- to 8-year-old Holstein cows were studied. Peritoneal fluid was collected from calves along the ventral midline, 4-cm cranial to the umbilicus. Abdominocentesis was performed in the region of the lower right flank in adult cattle. Correlation analysis, using the Pearson's correlation coefficient, and regression analysis were performed for blood and peritoneal fluid data from calves. Data from calves were compared with those of cows, using Wilcoxon's rank sum test. A P value < 0.05 was considered significant for all tests.
Calves had significantly lower blood eosinophil count (P < 0.003) and plasma protein concentration (P < 0.001) than did cows. Calves had significantly higher peritoneal fluid nucleated cell (P < 0.05) and mononuclear cell (P < 0.05) counts, but lower peritoneal fluid eosinophil cell count (P < 0.003) than did cows. For calves, nucleated cell and lyphocyte cell counts in the blood had a high, positive correlation with those of peritoneal fluid. However, the prediction equation for nucleated cell count accounted for a modest proportion of variability. A prediction equation for peritoneal fluid lymphocyte cell count was established.
On the basis of results of this study, reference ranges established for peritoneal fluid constituents of clinically normal adult cattle may not be appropriate for interpretation of peritoneal fluid analysis of calves.
delivery was calculated by use of the following formula: Surgical protocol —Group 1 dogs were positioned in dorsal recumbency for a standard ventral midline approach with a 15-cm-long incision centered over the umbilicus. Open surgical J-tube placement
. The skin from the pubis to the xiphoid and laterally to 10 cm on either side of the ventral midline was clipped and aseptically prepared. For the incisional line block, a 22-gauge, 2-inch needle was inserted caudal to the umbilicus subcutaneously and
abdomen was clipped of hair and aseptically prepared. Laparoscopic ovariectomy was performed with 3 ports as supported by results of the preliminary trial ( Figure 1 ). A skin incision was made 1 cm caudal to the umbilicus by use of a No. 15 scalpel blade
cranial to the umbilicus, were clipped, aseptically prepared, and infiltrated with procaine solution, followed by a stab incision. A magnetic valve trocar (length, 12 cm; internal diameter, 8 mm) was inserted into the abdomen at a point 5 cm to the left of
fibers is significantly less than that of longitudinally or obliquely oriented collagen fibers, and the majority (> 50%) of the infraumbilical (area caudal to the umbilicus) portion of the linea alba consists of transversely oriented collagen fibers
adhesive iodine-impregnated drape (Ioban 2 incise drape; 3M) was placed along the ventral midline. By use of a sterilized metal ruler, a 30-cm ventral midline skin incision was made with a No. 10 scalpel blade beginning slightly cranial to the umbilicus
umbilicus. A modified Hasson approach 18 was used to introduce a 6-mm threaded laparoscopic cannula a through the linea alba into the abdomen. Pneumoperitoneum at various IAPs was induced by administration of CO 2 via a mechanical insufflator. b
extending 25 cm cranially from the umbilicus was made. Beginning approximately 100 cm distal to the duodenocolic ligament, six 25-cm-long jejunal segments, each supplied by a jejunal arcade artery and vein, were identified. Each of these experimental