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. 2015 ; 29 ( 4 ): 1002 – 1005 . doi: 10.1007/s00464-014-3762-9 3. Spinella G , Valentini S , Spadari A , Fedrigo M . Laparoscopic ultrasonography in six dogs . Vet Radiol Ultrasound . 2006 ; 47 ( 3 ): 283 – 286 . doi: 10.1111/j.1740
with an extreme nonhomogeneous tissue echogenicity. In addition, B-mode (brightness mode) ultrasonography has been used to classify the types of nonunion fractures. Hypertrophic and atrophic nonunion fractures both have characteristic ultrasonographic
Ultrasonography is used as an aid in the diagnosis and assessment of abdominal diseases (particularly diseases of the small and large intestines) in horses. 1,2 It is an important diagnostic tool for nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon
hyaluronic acid deposition and the relative increase in skin thickness in an objective and noninvasive manner. In humans, ultrasonography is considered a versatile, painless, low-risk, and noninvasive procedure that provides real-time visual information about
. Ultrasonography, which lacks ionizing radiation, has been diagnostically useful for human and veterinary patients with gastrointestinal disorders. For example, in a prospective study 7 of people with ileus and gastrointestinal obstruction, abdominal
structures. 15 Whether the difference in resolution between UBM and standard ocular ultrasonography results in one imaging modality being superior to the other for detection of uveal cysts is not known. To our knowledge, the accuracy and reproducibility of
-sectional imaging modalities, such as ultrasonography, CT, and MRI enable topographic evaluation of the orbit to allow clinicians to characterize, localize, and determine the extent of orbital disease. 2,3,6–8 In humans, analysis of results of these imaging
, the use of CEUS is not as common as the use of other contrast-enhanced imaging techniques. Contrast agents for ultrasonography consist of microbubbles with a size approximately equal to that of an RBC. These microbubbles typically contain a high
degree of lymph node enlargement was not quantified in these studies. Medial retropharyngeal lymph node measurements for healthy dogs have been determined via ultrasonography, 15 CT, 16 and MRI. 17 However, to the authors' knowledge, no such studies
cuniculus ). This species presents a high anesthetic risk (1.39% on average vs 0.17% and 0.24% in dogs and cats, respectively 11 ). Therefore, a diagnostic imaging method for assessment of the TB in awake patients would be valuable. Ultrasonography has been
