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effects of CPAP versus oxygen therapy alone on postoperative recovery in brachycephalic dogs undergoing surgery”; Dr. Yu Ueda, North Carolina State University ($9,968), for “Urinary oxygen tension as a novel biomarker for medullary hypoxia and acute kidney

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located in the corticomedullary junction and medullary zones (particularly around or inside Hassall corpuscles [HC]; C), and those cells are round or irregular in shape (D). Notice that caspase-3-positive cells are observed diffusely throughout the cortex

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

Abstract

Objective

To determine whether medullary reaming alone, or followed by cemented hemiarthroplasty, influenced porosity, vascularity, and new bone formation in the proximal portion of the femur in dogs.

Animals

12 adult mixed-breed dogs.

Procedure

Unilateral femoral head and neck excisions were performed, followed by femoral medullary reaming in 6 dogs and femoral medullary reaming and cemented hemiarthroplasty in 6 dogs; the contralateral femur was used as a control. All dogs were euthanatized 28 days after surgery, and femurs were harvested. Vascularity, porosity, and new bone formation were quantified for all femurs of dogs from both groups at 3 proximal-to-distal levels, 3 regions (periosteal, midcortical, and endosteal), and 4 quadrants (cranial, caudal, medial, and lateral) of the femur.

Results

Medullary reamed and cemented hemiarthroplasty femurs had significant increases in vascularity and porosity at all levels and in new bone formation at levels 2 and 3. Porosity was increased significantly in the periosteal region of the cemented hemiarthroplasty (9.7 ± 0.7%), compared with control (2.3 ± 0.2%) and medullary reamed (8.4 ± 0.7%) femurs. Porosity was increased in the caudal and medial quadrants in the medullary reamed and cemented hemiarthroplasty femurs; vascularity results were similar.

Conclusion

Increased porosity, vascularity, and new bone formation in reamed and cemented hemiarthroplasty-treated femurs supports the theory that surgical trauma associated with medullary reaming is an important factor in early cortical bone loss after hip arthroplasty.

Clinical Relevance

Femoral remodeling associated with reaming and broaching is appreciable but may be only a temporary response, whereas other factors may be responsible for chronic cortical bone loss. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:922–928)

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

-adrenoceptors on breathing in ectothermic vertebrates. Application of clonidine-soaked pledgets on the ventral medullary surface of cane toad brainstems increases respiratory activity at low doses and decreases respiratory activity at high doses. 37 In desert

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

calcitonin gene-related peptide-II . Mol Cell Endocrinol 2003 ; 199 : 119 – 128 . 10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00289-7 18. Ramachandran R Benfield P Dhillo WS , et al. Need for revision of diagnostic limits for medullary thyroid carcinoma with a new

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

implants, have been used to improve the solubility of paclitaxel and eliminate undesired adverse effects. 11,12 Maropitant inhibits the vomiting reflex by blocking NK-1 receptors in the medullary vomiting center. 13 Maropitant is effective in the

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

accumulation of a BML (red arrows). In the control horse, the medullary cavity is distinctly black owing to a lack of a BML (categorized as absent). The percentage of the volume of dense bone for each condyle (defined as the DBVP) was measured ( Figure 2

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

. Ultrasonographic images were reviewed at a single DICOM workstation with standard viewing software (eFilm workstation; Merge Healthcare). Ultrasonographic features of the kidneys that were evaluated included corticomedullary distinction, cortical and medullary

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

BMD values have been reported for total, medullary, and cortical bone locations. 9 – 11 , 17 – 19 Values have also been reported for the following anatomic locations: proximal, middle, and distal tibiotarsal diaphysis and the distal epiphysis. 15 , 17

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

labeling. h,i The bone marrow and the medullary cavity as well as the cancellous and cortical bone were separated on the basis of thresholds of 100 and 500 Hounsfield units, respectively. j The 3-D reconstructions of the radius, ulna, and radiocarpal and

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research