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other countries, microchips operate at a frequency of 134.2 kHz, as instituted by the International Organization for Standardization. 6 Magnetic resonance imaging scanners operate on various radiofrequencies depending on the strength of the scanner (in
Magnetic resonance imaging has proven valuable for diagnosis of a broad range of pathologic conditions in all parts of the body, especially in joint and musculoskeletal disorders. Recent literature provides descriptions of clinical findings
, including dorsopalmar, lateromedial, dorsoproximal-palmarodistal, and palmaroproximal-palmarodistal (ie, skyline of the distal sesamoid [navicular] bone) views. No abnormalities were detected on radiographs. Magnetic resonance imaging of both front feet
reported to be the best method for early recognition of disk degeneration in dogs. 5 Magnetic resonance imaging provides clear images of the soft tissues of the spine and enables precise distinction of pathologic changes. 7,10,11 In human medicine
K , Warren-Smith C . Computed tomographic characteristics of the cisterna chyli in dogs . Vet Radiol Ultrasound . 2014 ; 55 ( 1 ): 29 - 34 . doi: 10.1111/vru.12078 8. Johnson VS , Seiler G . Magnetic resonance imaging appearance of
Magnetic resonance imaging is now routinely used to identify brain lesions noninvasively, establish prognoses, and develop treatment protocols; however, little is known about the diagnostic accuracy of this modality and the potential disagreement
gland imaging by use of thin-slice 3-dimensional GE MRI with a 0.2-Tesla open magnet; assess quality of the magnetic resonance images by varying the imaging plane, flip angle, and slice thickness; and determine the effect of administration of contrast
Magnetic resonance imaging is a sophisticated computerized imaging technique used as a clinical diagnostic tool in human medicine since 1971. 1 Compared with other diagnostic imaging tools, MRI has advantages and disadvantages. Magnetic resonance
(C1-C5 vs C6-T2 vs T3-L3 vs L4-S3), type of neurologic signs (upper motor neuron vs lower motor neuron), symmetry of clinical signs (symmetric vs asymmetric), site of the lesion on magnetic resonance images (C1-C5 vs C6-T2 vs T3-L3 vs L4-S3), symmetry
and soft tissue window settings. Sagittal images were reconstructed from the transverse images. Magnetic resonance imaging was also performed with the dogs in sternal recumbency with the pelvic limbs extended caudally to the same degree as during