Search Results
; 210 : 215 – 221 . 18. Mäki K Janss LL Groen AF , An indication of major genes affecting hip and elbow dysplasia in four Finnish dog populations . Heredity 2004 ; 92 : 402 – 408 . 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800434 19. Grøndalen J
medial coronoid process of the ulna in the dog . Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1998 ; 28 : 51 – 74 . 10.1016/S0195-5616(98)50004-6 3 Remy D , Neuhart L , Fau D , et al. Canine elbow dysplasia
Anim Pract . 2007 ; 17 ( 2 ): 135 – 140 . 6. Fédération Cynologique Internationale . Hip- and elbow dysplasia. FCI requirements for official hip dysplasia screening . Accessed February 15, 2023. https://www.fci.be/en/Hip-and-Elbow-Dysplasia-162
Elbow dysplasia is a common cause of forelimb lameness in juvenile medium- and large-breed dogs 1–3 ; the most common dysplastic lesion of the elbow joint is FMCP. 4 Despite a wealth of literature describing the purported mechanism of formation
the MAHC. In addition to lesions of the medial coronoid or anconeal processes, dogs with elbow dysplasia may have OCD of the MAHC or may have an abnormal surface on the medial humeral condyle without OCD. That abnormal surface is often referred to as a
SUMMARY
Objective
To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of medial coronoid process and humeral condyle lesions in dysplastic cubital joints and to compare survey radiography and MRI for evaluation of fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP) and lesions of the medial aspect of the humeral condyle (MAHC).
Animals
18 dogs with elbow dysplasia.
Procedure
Radiography of 22 cubital joints was performed. The 22 joints then underwent MRI. The scans were evaluated with regard to the shape and signal of the coronoid process; articular cartilage change, subchondral bone disruption of the MAHC. Surgical findings were used as the standard to calculate accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive- and negative-predictive values for specific diagnosis of FMCP (free fragment) and lesions of the MAHC.
Results
At surgery, 31.8% of the joints had FMCP (free), 36.4% had nondisplaced unmineralized coronoid process, and 27.2% had nondisplaced mineralized coronoid process. Eleven joints had lesions of the MAHC, and wear lesions were observed in 41 % of the joints. On radiography, FMCP (free) was visualized in 9% of the joints and lesions of the MAHC were observed in 23%. MRI had the highest accuracy (95.5%), sensitivity (100%), and negative-predictive value (100%) for detection of FMCP (free), and had accuracy (91 %), sensitivity (87.5%), specificity (92.5%), and positive (87.5%)- and negative (92.5%)- predictive values for detection of nondisplaced unmineralized coronoid process.
Conclusions and Clinical relevance
Compared with radiography, MRI was useful for detection of nondisplaced unmineralized coronoid process; images consistently correlated with surgical findings. The technique is accurate and especially useful when radiographic findings are inconclusive. (Am J Vet Res 1997;58:1367–1370)
C anine elbow dysplasia (CED) is an umbrella term first defined by the International Elbow Working Group. 1 It encompasses multiple developmental anomalies of the canine cubital joint, including ununited anconeal process, humeral osteochondrosis
Adysplastic elbow joint (elbow dysplasia) is one of the most common causes of forelimb lameness in dogs. Elbow dysplasia is used to describe developmental abnormalities of the elbow joint in dogs and encompasses 4 primary lesions (FCP, ununited
Abstract
Objective—To determine the effect of sliding and wedge osteotomies of the humerus on the joint surface contact areas in anatomically normal elbow joints of dogs.
Sample Population—Left thoracic limbs from 5 skeletally mature mixed-breed canine cadavers.
Procedure—Joint casting was performed by placement of colored polymethylmethacrylate in the elbow joint cavity followed by loading in a materials testing system at physiologic angle and load. Joint casting was performed in unaltered specimens, after 10° medial opening wedge osteotomy, and after lateral sliding osteotomy of the proximal portion of the humerus. Computer-aided analysis of photographs of proximal radial and ulnar articular surfaces after each casting procedure was performed.
Results—The lateral sliding humeral osteotomy and 10° medial opening wedge osteotomy significantly altered joint surface contact regions of the canine elbow joint. Osteotomies resulted in a reduction in the size of the radial, ulnar, and combined radioulnar contact areas. Both osteotomies also resulted in craniolateral migration of the radial contact area and craniomedial recession of the ulnar contact area. Although the reduction in ulnar contact area with these treatments is consistent with our hypotheses, the reduction in radial contact area was not anticipated.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Humeral osteotomies alter joint surface contact areas of the canine elbow joint in vitro. Humeral osteotomies may decrease contact areas on the diseased region of the joint in dogs with elbow dysplasia; however, the overall decrease in joint surface contact area suggests that these procedures may induce focal increases in pressure that may cause iatrogenic cartilage damage when applied in vivo. (Am J Vet Res 2003;64:506–511)
– 151 . 4. Coopman F , Verhoeven G , Saunders J , et al. Prevalence of hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia and humeral head osteochondrosis in dog breeds in Belgium . Vet Rec 2008 ; 163 : 654 – 658 . 10.1136/vr.163.22.654 5. Renberg WC