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-duration lipoxygenase inhibitor. 32–34 Initially after ingestion, tepoxalin acts as a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor with a serum half-life of 2 to 4 hours; the drug rapidly undergoes hepatic conversion to an active COX inhibitor with a 12-hour serum half-life. 33 Tepoxalin

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

of CBCT gray scale values with bone densities . Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009 ; 107 : e28 . 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.12.034 16. Mah P McDavid WD . Conversion of CBCT gray levels to Hounsfield units . Oral Surg Oral

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

MDs with ICRPs, although no significant difference in pro– MMP-2 activity between the 2 sample groups was detected. This finding was likely attributable to conversion of latent pro–MMP-2 into active MMP-2, as supported by findings in mice with

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

SUMMARY

The hematologic and pathologic effects of orally administered l-tryptophan and indoleactic acid and of l-tryptophan administered iv were studied in ponies. Sixteen adult Shetland ponies were allotted into 4 experimental groups. Group 1 consisted of 5 ponies (1-5) given 0.6 g of tryptophan/kg of body weight in a water slurry via stomach tube. Group 2 included 4 ponies (6-9) given 0.35 g of tryptophan/kg orally. Group-3 ponies (10—13) were given 0.35 g of indoleacetic acid/kg orally. Group 4 consisted of 3 ponies (14—16) given a single 4-hour iv infusion of 0.1 g of tryptophan/kg.

Restlessness, increased respiratory rate, hemolysis, and hemoglobinuria were detected in 4 of the 5 group-1 pomes. Only pony 7 in group 2 developed hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and a significant increase in respiratory rate. Renal pathologic lesions, consistent with hemoglobinuric nephrosis, were seen in ponies 2, 4, 5, and 7. Bronchiolar degeneration was evident in 4 of 9 ponies given tryptophan orally. The importance of these respiratory lesions was unknown. Clinical or pathologic abnormalities were not noticed in the ponies of groups 3 and 4.

Mean plasma tryptophan values increased significantly in groups 1 and 2 at 6 hours after dosing. A second peak of tryptophan was detected in both groups at 12 hours. Values returned to predose values by 48 hours. Plasma indole and 3-methylindole concentrations were detectable in only 2 ponies (4 and 7). In vitro incubations of cecal fluid from ponies 6, 8, and 9 yielded a percentage conversion of tryptophan to indole of 16.75%, 5.84%, and 7.96%, respectively. 3-Methylindole was not produced. These results suggested that indole was the major metabolite of orally administered tryptophan in these ponies.

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

by binding copper. 16 It has also been theorized that oxytetracycline may affect the conversion of procollagen to collagen by its chelation of calcium and the subsequent inhibition of the calcium-dependent enzyme aminoterminal procollagen protease

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

from the maximum curve height above baseline value during the 5 minutes following addition of collagen. Adenosine diphosphate was measured after conversion of ADP to ATP by use of pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate. 17 TXB 2 generation

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

brain. The conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine causes osmotic stress, which results in astrocyte swelling, cerebral edema, and intracranial hypertension. 7 Ammonia diffuses from the blood and crosses the BBB into the brain. 8 Additional

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

characterized by their anti-inflammatory effects on peripheral tissues and also have centrally acting antinociceptive effects. 3,4 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs block the binding of arachidonic acid to COXs, preventing the conversion of thromboxane α 2

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

is placed in the field of view for each scan and can be used to assess consistency of the CT scanner during the study period. By use of simple linear regression analysis, the conversion of HU values via a calibration equation into eBMD values is also

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research

morphometric variables. Moreover, conversion of BMC to BMD (by dividing the BMC value by the projected bone area) may be an appropriate procedure for normalization. Because BMD is susceptible to bone size and BSA is the variable that has the highest correlation

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in American Journal of Veterinary Research