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Monitoring systemic arterial blood pressure is considered the standard of care for assessing anesthetized patients. 1 The criterion-referenced standard for measuring blood pressure involves placement of an intra-arterial catheter that is
Direct measurement of blood pressure requires catheterization of a suitable artery. Although this is considered the gold standard method for measuring blood pressure, it is technically challenging and impractical in many clinical situations
. Accurate diagnosis of hypertension depends on several factors, including the environment in which the dog is evaluated, 8 stress or procedure-associated restraint, blood pressure cuff size, 9 position and site of cuff placement, 10 operator experience
Measurement of systemic arterial blood pressure has long been recognized as an important part of monitoring anesthetized patients as well as evaluating critically ill animals and their response to treatment. 1,2 Because of its importance, blood
Introduction Blood pressure measurements are commonly performed in dogs and cats to assess for both systemic hypertension and hypotension, which may be associated with a variety of disease processes. While direct measurement of arterial blood
cardiovascular system is part of the evaluation of clinical status and response to anesthetic agents. Blood pressure has been referred to as the fourth vital sign as an adjunct to body temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate because undetected hypertension
Monitoring of arterial blood pressure is an essential part of anesthetic monitoring in humans and domestic animals but is rarely used during anesthetic monitoring in reptiles. 1,2 In the absence of clinically practical indicators of cardiac
Blood pressures in healthy dogs have been evaluated in several studies 1–4 via direct (intra-arterial) and indirect (Doppler ultrasonographic or oscillometric) methods. The effect of body position on SAP measurements in humans has been
D uring general anesthesia, monitoring blood pressure is often performed as a marker of cardiac performance and tissue perfusion. Recording invasive arterial blood pressure (IBP) is the most accurate method of monitoring blood pressure. 1 However
The ability to measure blood pressure in cats has taken on increasing importance not only for monitoring anesthetized patients but also for evaluating critical patients and their responses to treatment. 1 In addition, as important epidemiological
