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History A 4-year-old spayed female American Staffordshire Terrier mix was presented for a multiple-week history of progressive ataxia and collapsing episodes. Approximatively 2 weeks prior to presentation, the owner reported that the dog
general physical examination were unremarkable for all puppies. Neurologic examination of the 2 affected puppies revealed unremarkable mentation and behavior; broad-base stance in all 4 limbs; persistent, fine head tremors; mild truncal ataxia; and mild
Introduction The prevalences of underlying causes of ataxia attributed to lesions in the spinal cord or vertebral column (spinal ataxia) in horses are not well-defined. Ataxia in horses is defined clinically as vestibular, cerebellar, or
Lameness is the most common gait abnormality in horses, but ataxia associated with spinal cord disease also causes a gait disorder frequently seen in equine practice. 1,2 Clinicians generally recognize a neurologic gait abnormality, as compared
Abstract
Objective—To determine the usefulness of magnetic motor-evoked potentials (MMEPs) for assessing the integrity of the cervical, thoracic, and thoracolumbar spinal cord in horses with bilateral hind limb ataxia.
Animals—9 horses and 1 donkey with bilateral hind limb ataxia of various degrees.
Procedure—The motor cortex was stimulated magnetically, and MMEPs were recorded bilaterally from the extensor carpi radialis and cranial tibial muscles.
Results—In 5 horses and 1 donkey, MMEPs with normal onset latencies and peak-to-peak amplitude were recorded from the extensor carpi radialis muscles, whereas abnormal onset latencies and peak-topeak amplitudes were recorded from the cranial tibial muscles. In these animals, a spinal cord lesion in the thoracic or thoracolumbar segments was suspected. In 4 horses, onset latencies and peak-topeak amplitude of MMEPs recorded from the extensor carpi radialis and cranial tibial muscles were abnormal. In these horses, a cervical spinal cord lesion was suspected.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Transcranial magnetic stimulation can be considered a valuable diagnostic tool for assessing the integrity of the spinal cord, and MMEPs may be used for differentiating thoracic or thoracolumbar spinal cord lesions from mild cervical spinal cord lesions that cause ataxia in the hind limbs only. (Am J Vet Res 2003;64:1382–1386)
History A 20-month-old 35-kg neutered male German Shepherd Dog was presented to the Cornell University Hospital for Animals Neurology service for evaluation of chronic, progressive ataxia and paraparesis. The clinical signs began approximately
History A 6-year-old sexually intact male Weimaraner presented to the Dick White Referrals neurology service with a history of 3 months of infrequent upper respiratory stertor, 1 week of changed bark, and 2 days of vestibular ataxia, right
A 4-month-old American Paint filly was evaluated at the VMTH of the University of California, Davis, because of sudden onset of ataxia that progressed to lateral recumbency within less than 12 hours. The foal was the youngest of 8 horses at the
young horses as early as a few months of age. 39 Common clinical signs include symmetric ataxia, dysmetria, wide-based stance, and proprioceptive positioning deficits. 14,16,29 Horses with cerebellar involvement have rarely been reported to develop
resulting in severe ataxia and recumbency is a particular disadvantage for surgery when it is desirable that the animal should remain standing. 7 In other studies, 8 investigators determined that epidurally administered tramadol induces analgesia in the
