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single location accounting for the clinical signs was the left forebrain (prosencephalon). Etiologic diagnosis Considering the age of seizure onset in this dog and presentation with acute onset cluster seizures and neurologic deficits, structural
respiratory signs, acute respiratory distress, or death. 2–13 Additionally, when patients develop signs of respiratory compromise (dyspnea and tachypnea), these signs can occur with and are ascribed to many other conditions. Respiratory signs resulting from
Acute illness can cause dramatic changes in endocrine function. 1 Activation of the HPA axis, as evidenced by an increase in secretion of ACTH and cortisol, is believed to be a vital part of the physiologic stress response and is essential for
Acute renal failure is a sudden decrease in renal function characterized by inability to regulate fluid, electrolytes, and acid-base balance. 1 Acute azotemia can be characterized as prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal in origin. Prerenal
for another recheck examination and antibody test, but the owner declined further diagnostic testing. No additional follow-up was pursued by the owner. Discussion Acute compartment syndrome refers to an increase in intracompartmental pressure
ventricular dysfunction are suspected to occur in horses with sepsis but have not been well documented. 12–14 Sepsis, hypovolemia, and endotoxemia have been observed to varying degrees in horses with acute abdominal disease, contributing to the release of
Introduction Sudden renal parenchymal damage due to a variety of etiologies (eg, ureteral obstruction, pyelonephritis, renal ischemia, toxicosis) is an important clinical condition in cats resulting in acute kidney injury (AKI). Considering
Acute abdominal disease (ie, colic) is reportedly among the most common causes of death in some horse populations. 1,2 The annual number of colic cases has been reported as 4 to 10/100 horses, 1,3 although up to 46 cases/100 horses/y have been
A 3-year-old 10-kg (22-lb) neutered male Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was evaluated by the referring veterinarian for an episode of acute vomiting and diarrhea. Abdominal palpation elicited signs of pain. No abnormalities were found on rectal
Severe acute spinal cord injuries are important causes of permanent disability and death in dogs. 1–4 Common types of acute spinal cord injury in dogs include both compressive and noncompressive IVDH, FCE, and fractures or luxations of the
