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  • Author or Editor: Ronald D. Montgomery x
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SUMMARY

Objective

To determine effect of dog selection and habituation on vertical ground reaction force variables.

Animals

133 Greyhounds of either sex, weighing between 22 and 39 kg.

Procedure

Vertical ground reaction force variables (peak [PFz] and impulse [IFz]) for hind limbs were studied in dogs at 3 levels of habituation. Dogs of group 1 (n = 81) did not have prior experience with the gait analysis routine. Group-2 dogs (n = 52) were selected for having an amiable disposition, and were first evaluated after participating in an intermediate habituation routine (group 2a). These dogs were reevaluated after undergoing the full habituation routine (group 2b).

Results

3 of the ground reaction force variables differed significantly between dogs of groups 1 and 2 (a and b). Dogs that had not been habituated to the gait analysis routine (group 1) had significantly longer stance times than did dogs that had been more carefully selected and habituated. Intradog coefficients of variation for PFz and the IFz were significantly greater in group-1 dogs. The PFz for group-2a dogs was significantly greater than that for group-1 dogs. Differences identified between groups 2a and 2b were more likely to be attributed to habituation only. These included significantly shorter stance time and lower intradog coefficient of variation for IFz in dogs having the highest level of habituation.

Conclusion

Selection and habituation have measurable effects on vertical ground reaction force data obtained from trotting dogs. These include significantly shorter hind limb stance times, lower impulses of vertical force, with smaller coefficients of variation for peaks and impulses of vertical force within dogs.

Clinical Relevance

In controlled studies where critical decision making is based on gait analysis data, careful selection of subjects and habituation will significantly improve precision of the data and has the potential to reduce the subject or repetition sample size. (Am J Vet Res 1997;58:1206–1208)

Free access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

Abstract

Objective—To assess the effects of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) implants on the healing of meniscal lesions in dogs.

Animals—16 adult Greyhounds of both sexes.

Procedure—Unilateral osteotomy was performed at time 0 to disrupt the medial collateral ligament attachment, and two (1 cranial and 1 caudal) 4-mm circular defects were created in the avascular portion of the medial meniscus. One defect was filled with an SIS graft, and the other defect remained empty (control). Three months later, the identical procedure was performed on the contralateral limb. Three months after the second surgery, dogs were euthanatized, and meniscal tissue specimens from both stifle joints were collected for gross, histologic, biomechanical, and biochemical evaluations.

Results—Regenerative tissue was evident in 4 (2 SIS-implanted and 2 control) of 16 defects examined histologically. In 3 defects, this thin bridge of tissue was composed of immature haphazardly arranged fibrous connective tissue with a relatively uniform distribution of fibroblasts. Aggregate modulus, Poisson ratio, permeability, and shear modulus were not significantly different between control and SIS-implanted defects either 3 or 6 months after surgery. Hydroxyproline content also did not differ between SIS-implanted and control defects at 3 or 6 months.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Implantation of porcine SIS into experimentally induced meniscal lesions in dogs did not promote tissue regeneration. (Am J Vet Res 2002;63:427–431)

Full access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

Abstract

Objective—To study the musculoskeletal development of Great Dane puppies fed various dietary concentrations of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in fixed ratio by use of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), determination of serum insulin-like growth factor I and parathyroid hormone concentrations, radiography, and blood chemistry analysis results.

Animals—32 purebred Great Dane puppies from 4 litters.

Procedure—At weaning, puppies were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 diets. Blood was collected for biochemical analyses and hormone assays, and radiography and DEXA were performed through 18 months of age. Changes in body weight, bone mineral content, fat tissue weight, lean mass, result of serum biochemical analyses, hormonal concentrations, and radius lengths were analyzed through 18 months of age.

Results—Bone mineral content of puppies correlated positively with Ca and P content of the diets fed. Significant differences between groups in bone mineral content, lean mass, and body fat were apparent early. The disparity among groups increased until 6 months of age and then declined until body composition was no longer different at 12 months of age. Accretion rates for skeletal mineral content, fat, and lean tissue differed from each other and by diet group.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Ca and P concentrations in the diet of young Great Dane puppies are rapidly reflected in the bone mineral content of the puppies until 5 to 6 months of age, after which hormonal regulation adjusts absorption and excretion of these minerals. Appropriate Ca and P concentrations in diets are important in young puppies < 6 months of age. (Am J Vet Res 2002;63:1036–1047)

Full access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research
in Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association