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- Author or Editor: Robert Glass x
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Abstract
Objective—To identify the major allergenic proteins from the 3 main species of dust mites to which dogs react (Dermatophagoides farinae, D pteronyssinus,and Euroglyphus maynei) and evaluate the potential crossreactivity of dust mite allergens with antigens from the ectoparasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei var canis.
Sample Population—Sera from 83 dogs with atopic dermatitis.
Procedure—Sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting using serum from atopic dogs was used to identify IgE-binding proteins in extracts of the 4 mite species.
Results—Sera of atopic dogs contained IgE against 23, 17, 25, and 17 allergens from D farinae, D pteronyssinus, E maynei,and S scabiei, respectively. Unlike the situation for humans, the major allergens for dogs are mostly proteins that are larger than 90 kd molecular weight. Dermatophagoides farinae and E maynei appear to be more allergenic for dogs than is D pteronyssinus. Some dogs with serum IgE against dust mites also had IgE against antigens of S scabiei var canis.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Multiple dust mite allergens induce an IgE response in dogs. These allergens are mostly greater than 90 kd molecular weight. (Am J Vet Res 2001;62:1344–1348)
Abstract
Objective—To determine the prevalence of serum IgE against the storage mites Acarus siro, Blomia tropicalis, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae in a population of dogs with atopic dermatitis.
Sample Population—Sera from 84 dogs with atopic dermatitis residing in various regions of the United States and Europe.
Procedure—Immunoblotting of sera from atopic dogs was used to identify proteins in mite extracts that bound IgE.
Results—94% of the dogs had serum IgE against proteins in extracts of 1 or more of the storage mite species. Ninety-five, 92, and 89% of the storage mite-sensitive dogs had serum IgE against proteins in extracts of A siro, B tropicalis, and T putrescentiae, respectively. Eighty-two percent had serum IgE against at least 1 protein in all 3 species. Most of the major allergens had molecular weights > 80 kd. A greater percentage of the dog sera had IgE against storage mite proteins, compared with proteins of the house dust mites Dermatophagoides farinae and D pteronyssinus.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Many dogs with atopic dermatitis have serum IgE against many allergens of storage mites. Most of these allergens, like allergens of dust mites, had molecular weights > 80 kd. Storage mite sensitivity in dogs may be as important, if not more important, than dust mite sensitivity. (Am J Vet Res 2003;64:32–36)
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To describe the geographic distribution of infections caused by Pythium insidiosum in dogs, horses, and other animal species in the US.
ANIMALS
For the last 20 years, we have collected data from cases of pythiosis in 1,150 horses, 467 dogs, and other species (59) from various geographic locations in the US.
PROCEDURES
Due to lost data (from 2006 to 2016), the selected cases include years 2000 to 2005 and 2016 to 2020. The selection of cases was based on infected host clinical features, serum samples demonstrating strong positive anti–P insidiosum IgG titers in serologic assays, and positive results on ≥ 1 of the following diagnostic modalities: microbial culture on 2% Sabouraud dextrose agar, histologic evaluation, PCR assay, and wet mount cytologic evaluation (with potassium hydroxide).
RESULTS
Most confirmed P insidiosum infections were found in horses and dogs in the southeastern US. Interestingly, in Texas, no cases were found west of longitude 100°W. Few pythiosis cases were diagnosed in west-coast states. Equine cases were more often diagnosed during summer and fall months, but canine cases were more often diagnosed between September and February. Cases in other species were discovered in the same geographic areas as those in dogs and horses.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
To our knowledge, this is the first report providing the ecological distribution of P insidiosum infection in affected species in the US. Results of this study illustrated the importance of including P insidiosum in the differential diagnostic scheme of nonhealing skin lesions or intestinal granulomatous masses, particularly in dogs and horses inhabiting or having visited endemic areas.
