Search Results
You are looking at 1 - 2 of 2 items for
- Author or Editor: Raul Casas-Dolz x
- Refine by Access: All Content x
Abstract
Objective—To determine whether a homologue of A-kinase anchor protein 4 (AKAP4) is present and functional as an AKAP in equine spermatozoa and examine the effect of semen cooling and cryopreservation on binding of equine AKAP4 to the regulatory (RII) subunit of protein kinase-A (PK-A).
Sample Population—Ejaculated semen collected from 2 fertile stallions, 3 bulls, and 3 humans.
Procedure—Identification of an equine homologue of AKAP4 was investigated via DNA sequencing. Protein was extracted from the spermatozoa of each species for immunoblot analysis to identify AKAP4 and its precursor protein, pro-AKAP4; immunofluorescence microscopy was used to localize those proteins in spermatozoa. Ligand overlay assays were used to determine whether the identified proteins bound to the RII subunit of PK-A and whether cooling or cryopreservation of spermatozoa affected that binding.
Results—The partial genomic sequence of AKAP4 was identified in equine spermatozoa, and immunoblot analysis confirmed that AKAP4 and pro-AKAP4 are present in equine spermatozoa. Via immunofluorescence microscopy, these proteins were localized to the spermatozoal principal piece. Results of ligand overlay assays indicated that equine AKAP4 and pro-AKAP4 bind to the RII subunit of PKA and are AKAPs; AKAP4-RII binding was not affected by cooling or cryopreservation of spermatozoa.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that equine AKAP4 anchors PK-A to the spermatozoal flagellum (where the kinase is likely to be required for the regulation of spermatozoal motility), but decreases in spermatozoal motility in cooled or cryopreserved semen are not associated with decreased binding of AKAP4 and PK-A. (Am J Vet Res 2005;66:1056–1064)
Abstract
Case Description—5 aged (≥ 17 years old) horses developed life-threatening Internal hemorrhage following IV administration of phenylephrine at 3 hospitals.
Clinical Findings—All 5 horses developed severe hemothorax, hemoabdomen, or both within minutes to hours following administration of phenylephrine.
Treatment and Outcome—Four of 5 horses died of hemorrhagic shock, and 1 horse survived with a blood transfusion. The exact source of hemorrhage was Identified In only 1 horse. Medical records of all horses with nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon and treated with phenylephrine at the University of Florida Veterinary Medical Center between 2000 and 2008 (n = 74) were reviewed. Three of these 74 (4%) horses developed fatal hemorrhage (horses 1 through 3 of this report). The risk of developing phenylephrine-associated hemorrhage was 64 times as high (95% confidence interval, 3.7 to 1,116) in horses ≥ 15 years old than in horses < 15 years old.
Clinical Relevance—The potential risks versus benefits of phenylephrine administration should be evaluated carefully, especially In old horses. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010;237:830–834)
