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- Author or Editor: Polly Foureman x
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Abstract
Objective—To define the relationship between clinical expression of a type-1 von Willebrand disease phenotype and genotype at 2 von Willebrand factor marker loci in Doberman Pinschers.
Animals—102 client-owned Doberman Pinschers.
Procedures—Dogs were recruited on the basis of plasma von Willebrand factor concentration, clinical history, and pedigree. Blood samples and response to a history questionnaire were obtained for each dog. Plasma von Willebrand factor concentration was measured by use of an ELISA, and genotyping was performed via polymerase chain reaction for 1 intragenic and 1 extragenic von Willebrand factor marker. Amplification product size was determined by use of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (intragenic marker) or automated sequence analysis (extragenic marker). Western blots were prepared from a subset of dogs with low plasma von Willebrand factor concentration to evaluate multimer distribution.
Results—Strong associations were detected between plasma von Willebrand factor concentration and von Willebrand factor marker genotype. Twentyfive dogs had substantial reduction in plasma von Willebrand factor concentration and multiple hemorrhagic events. All were homozygous for a 157-basepair intragenic marker allele and homozygous or compound heterozygous for 1 of 4 extragenic marker alleles. These marker genotypes were exclusively detected in dogs with low plasma von Willebrand factor concentration, although some dogs with these genotypes did not have abnormal bleeding.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Type-1 von Willebrand disease in Doberman Pinschers is associated with the von Willebrand factor gene locus; however, the expression pattern in this breed appears more complex than that of a simple recessive trait. (Am J Vet Res 2001;62:364–369)
Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the influence of a 1,4- butanedisulfonate stable salt of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) administered orally on clinicopathologic and hepatic effects induced by long-term administration of prednisolone in dogs.
Animals—12 healthy dogs.
Procedure—Following a pilot study (4 dogs), 2 groups of 4 dogs received prednisolone (2.2 mg/kg) orally once daily (84-day trial). One group received SAMe (20 mg/kg/d divided in 2 doses) for 42 days and then a placebo for 42 days; the other group received treatments in the reverse order. Before and during the trial, numerous variables were monitored, including serum total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glucocorticoid- induced ALP (G-ALP) activities, serum haptoglobin concentration, and total and oxidized glutathione (TGSH and GSSG) and thiobarbiturate-reacting substances (TBARS) concentrations in erythrocytes and liver tissue (days 0, 42, and 84). Hepatic specimens also were examined microscopically.
Results—The stable salt of SAMe was biologically available; plasma concentrations of SAMe or prednisolone were not affected by coadministration. Compared with baseline values, serum ALP and GALP activities and haptoglobin concentrations increased and erythrocyte GSSG and TBARS concentrations decreased with both treatments. Erythrocyte TGSH concentration decreased with the prednisolone- placebo treatment. Administration of SAMe appeared to conserve erythrocyte TGSH values and did not inhibit hepatocyte glycogen vacuolation but increased hepatic TGSH concentration and improved the hepatic tissue GSSG:TGSH ratio.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In dogs, administration of 20 mg of SAMe/kg/d may mitigate the apparent pro-oxidant influences of prednisolone but did not block development of classic clinicopathologic or histologic features of vacuolar hepatopathy. (Am J Vet Res 2005;66:330–341)
