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- Author or Editor: James G. Thorne x
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Abstract
Objective—To determine the effects of varios concentrations of L-lysine and L-arginine on in vitro replication of feline herpesvirus type-1 (FHV-1).
Sample Population—Cultured Crandell-Reese feline kidney (CRFK) cells and FHV-1 strain 727.
Procedure—Uninfected CRFK cells or CRFK cells infected with FHV-1 were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium or in 1 of 7 test media containing various concentrations of lysine and arginine. Viral titer and CRFK growth rate were assessed in each medium.
Results—Media depleted of arginine almost completely inhibited viral replication, whereas 2.5 or 5.0 µg of arginine/ml of media was associated with a significant increase in FHV-1 replication. In media with 2.5 µg of arginine/ml, supplementation with 200 or 300 µg of lysine/ml reduced viral replication by 34.2 and 53.9%, respectively. This effect was not seen in media containing 5.0 µg of arginine/ml. Growth rates of CRFK cells also were suppressed in media containing these concentrations of amino acids, but they were not significantly different from each other.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Arginine exerts a substantial growth-promoting effect on FHV-1. Supplementation of viral culture medium with lysine attenuates this growth-promoting effect in media containing low concentrations of arginine. Analysis of data from this study indicates that high concentrations of lysine reduce in vitro replication of FHV-1 but only in media containing low concentrations of arginine. Clinical trials will be necessary to determine whether supplemental administration of lysine, with or without arginine restriction, will be useful in the management of cats with FHV-1 infections. (Am J Vet Res 2000; 61:1474–1478)
Abstract
Objective—To identify risk factors associated with dysautonomia in dogs.
Design—Case-control study.
Animals—42 dogs with dysautonomia examined between October 1988 and January 2000 and 132 control dogs examined during the same period for an unrelated problem.
Procedure—Information was gathered from medical records and surveys mailed to owners of case and control dogs.
Results—42 case and 132 control dogs were included; completed surveys were returned by owners of 30 case and 103 control dogs. Dogs with dysautonomia were significantly younger (median, 18 months) than control dogs (median, 60 months) and more likely to come from rural areas and to spend ≥ 50% of their time outdoors. Compared with rural control dogs that spent at least some time outdoors, affected dogs were more likely to have access to pasture land, farm ponds, and cattle, and to have consumed wildlife, at least occasionally. The largest numbers of dogs with dysautonomia were identified during February and April, with relatively few dogs identified during the summer and early fall.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Although the cause of dysautonomia is unknown, results suggest that dogs with dysautonomia were significantly more likely to live in rural areas and spend ≥ 50% of their time outdoors than were control dogs examined for unrelated diseases. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001;218: 1285–1290)
