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- Author or Editor: Hiroko Enomoto x
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of housing environment on oral absorption of acetaminophen in dogs.
ANIMALS
6 healthy Beagles.
PROCEDURES
Acetaminophen (325 mg, PO; mean dose, 31.1 mg/kg) was administered in a crossover study design with dogs housed in their normal environment or in a cage in an unfamiliar environment. There was a 7-day washout period between phases. Blood samples were collected for 24 hours following acetaminophen administration, and plasma acetaminophen concentrations were determined with high-pressure liquid chromatography.
RESULTS
A 2-compartment model with lag time was the best fit for both phases of the study. None of the primary or secondary pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly different between the 2 housing environments.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Findings suggested that in dogs, housing environment (normal environment vs a cage in an unfamiliar environment) did not significantly affect oral absorption and, by extension, gastric emptying of acetaminophen.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To compare the analgesic efficacy of grapiprant to carprofen for the treatment of postoperative pain and inflammation in dogs following ovariohysterectomy.
ANIMALS
12 purpose-bred adult sexually intact female Beagles.
PROCEDURES
Dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: grapiprant (2 mg/kg, PO; n = 6) or carprofen (4.4 mg/kg, PO; n = 6), 1.5 hours prior to ovariohysterectomy (OVH) and every 24 hours afterward for 3 total doses. An ultrafiltration probe was placed within the OVH incision to collect interstitial fluid (ISF). Pain and inflammation were assessed by masked investigators via mechanical nociceptive threshold testing and the short form of the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale before drug administration and at multiple time points for 72 hours following dosing and surgery. ISF samples were collected at the same time points to assess prostaglandin E2 concentrations at the site of inflammation.
RESULTS
In both groups, pain scale scores were highest in the immediate postoperative period and decreased over time. In both treatment groups, there were significant (P = 0.003) differences in mechanical nociceptive threshold results over time when compared with baseline, but there was no difference between groups. Prostaglandin E2 concentrations in ISF were higher in dogs receiving grapiprant compared with carprofen (P < 0.001). One dog in the carprofen group required rescue analgesia.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results of this preliminary study suggested both carprofen and grapiprant may be effective for postoperative pain following OVH in dogs; however, additional studies are warranted to determine grapiprant’s effectiveness in a larger and more diverse population of dogs.
