Search Results
You are looking at 1 - 4 of 4 items for
- Author or Editor: Frédéric Jacob x
- Refine by Access: All Content x
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Deep-seated pulmonary lesions can be difficult to sample safely. The objective of this study was to determine the relative safety and accuracy of fluoroscopy-guided fine-needle aspiration of deep-seated pulmonary lesions regardless of their size and depth.
ANIMALS
Client-owned animals; 5 dogs and 5 cats.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
Pulmonary lesion locations were determined on dorsoventral and lateral views using fluoroscopy. The lateral thoracic wall was aseptically scrubbed, and an indelible marker was used to mark the point of entry of the needle for sampling. The path of a 22-gauge needle attached to a syringe was followed using fluoroscopic guidance. Mass volume (Vma) and distance from skin and pleura to lesion (DSK-L and DPL-L) were recorded.
RESULTS
In dogs, mean Vma was 137.2 cm3 (range, 6.3 to 426.2 cm3). Mean DSK-L was 71 mm (range, 37 to 101 mm) and DPL-L was 33 mm (range, 16 to 71 mm). Exfoliative cytology results were consistent with carcinoma in 4 dogs and lymphoma in 1 dog. A minor postprocedural complication was noted in 1 dog. In cats, the mean Vma was 2.4 cm3 (range, 1.6 to 3.7 cm3). Mean DSK-L was 42 mm (range, 20 to 75 mm) and DPL-L was 21 mm (range, 12 to 32 mm). Cytology results were consistent with pulmonary carcinoma in 2 cats, inflammation in 2 cats, and necrotic debris in 1 cat.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Fluoroscopy-guided fine-needle aspiration of pulmonary masses is a safe and accurate technique to obtain cytologic samples irrespective of the size and depth of the lesions.
Abstract
Objective—To determine whether a diet used for dogs with renal failure (renal food [RF]) was superior to an adult maintenance food (MF) in minimizing uremic crises and mortality rate in dogs with spontaneous chronic renal failure.
Design—Double-masked, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Animals—38 dogs with spontaneous chronic renal failure.
Procedure—Dogs were randomly assigned to a group fed adult MF or a group fed RF and evaluated for up to 24 months. The 2 groups were of similar clinical, biochemical, and hematologic status. The effects of diets on uremic crises and mortality rate were compared. Changes in renal function were evaluated by use of serial evaluation of serum creatinine concentrations and reciprocal of serum creatinine concentrations.
Results—Compared with the MF, the RF had a beneficial effect regarding uremic crises and mortality rate in dogs with mild and moderate renal failure. Dogs fed the RF had a slower decline in renal function, compared with dogs fed the MF.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dietary modifications are beneficial in minimizing extrarenal manifestations of uremia and mortality rate in dogs with mild and moderate spontaneous chronic renal failure. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that delay in development of uremic crises and associated mortality rate in dogs fed RF was associated, at least in part, with reduction in rate of progression of renal failure. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002;220: 1163–1170)
Abstract
Objective—To determine whether urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UP:C) ≥ 1.0 at initial diagnosis of chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with greater risk of development of uremic crises, death, and progression of renal failure in dogs.
Design—Prospective cohort study.
Animals—45 dogs with CRF.
Procedure—Dogs were prospectively assigned to 2 groups on the basis of initial UP:C < 1.0 or ≥ 1.0. The association between magnitude of proteinuria and development of uremic crises and death was determined before and after dogs with initial UP:C ≥ 1.0 were assigned to 3 subgroups and compared with dogs with initial UP:C < 1.0. Changes in reciprocal serum creatinine concentration were used to estimate decrease in renal function.
Results—Initially, dogs had similar clinical characteristics with the exception of systolic blood pressure and UP:C. Relative risks of development of uremic crises and death were approximately 3 times higher in dogs with UP:C ≥ 1.0, compared with dogs with UP:C < 1.0. Relative risk of adverse outcome was approximately 1.5 times higher for every 1-unit increment in UP:C. The decrease in renal function was of greater magnitude in dogs with UP:C ≥ 1.0, compared with dogs with UP:C < 1.0.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Initial UP:C ≥ 1.0 in dogs with CRF was associated with greater risk of development of uremic crises and death, compared with dogs with UP:C < 1.0. Initial determinations of UP:C in dogs with naturally occurring CRF may be of value in refining prognoses. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;226:393–400)
Abstract
Objective—To determine whether high systolic blood pressure (SBP) at the time of initial diagnosis of chronic renal failure in dogs was associated with increased risk of uremic crisis, risk of dying, or rate of decline in renal function.
Design—Prospective cohort study.
Animals—45 dogs with spontaneous chronic renal failure.
Procedure—Dogs were assigned to 1 of 3 groups on the basis of initial SBP (high, intermediate, low); Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods were used to estimate the association between SBP and development of a uremic crisis and death. The reciprocal of serum creatinine concentration was used as an estimate of renal function.
Results—Dogs in the high SBP group were more likely to develop a uremic crisis and to die than were dogs in the other groups, and the risks of developing a uremic crisis and of dying increased significantly as SBP increased. A greater decrease in renal function was observed in dogs in the high SBP group. Retinopathy and hypertensive encephalopathy were detected in 3 of 14 dogs with SBP ≥ 180 mm Hg. Systolic blood pressure remained high in 10 of 11 dogs treated with antihypertensive drugs.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that initial high SBP in dogs with chronic renal failure was associated with increased risk of developing a uremic crisis and of dying. Further studies are required to determine whether there is a cause-and-effect relationship between high SBP and progressive renal injury and to identify the risks and benefits of antihypertensive drug treatment. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2003;222:322–329)
