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- Author or Editor: Elizabeth S. Raub x
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Abstract
Objective—To evaluate clinical response, pulmonary function, and adrenal gland response to incremental doses of beclomethasone dipropionate in horses with recurrent airway obstruction.
Design—Crossover trial.
Animals—8 horses with recurrent airway obstruction.
Procedure—Horses randomly assigned to 4 groups were treated twice daily via aerosol administration of placebo or 500, 1,000, or 1,500 µg of beclomethasone dipropionate in a crossover design with a 10-day minimum washout period. Subjective assessment of airway obstruction, serum cortisol concentration, and maximum change in pleural pressure during tidal breathing (ΔPplmax) were determined daily prior to morning drug administration, and ΔPplmax was reevaluated 15 minutes after morning drug administration. Pulmonary resistance and dynamic compliance were determined at baseline and approximately 12 hours after the final treatment.
Results—An immediate treatment effect was not identified. Within 24 hours, ΔPplmax and airway obstruction were lower in horses receiving beclomethasone. Onset and magnitude of response was similar among the 3 beclomethasone dose regimens. Pulmonary resistance was improved only after administration of all 3 doses of beclomethasone, whereas dynamic compliance was improved after administration of 1,000 µg and 1,500 µg of beclomethasone. Reduction in serum cortisol concentration occurred with all 3 beclomethasone dose regimens; however, the magnitude of adrenal gland suppression was greater in horses receiving 1,000 or 1,500 µg of beclomethasone.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Low-dose (500 µg) beclomethasone administration caused similar improvement in pulmonary function, compared with high-dose beclomethasone (1,000 and 1,500 µg), with the exception of dynamic compliance, and caused less suppression of endogenous cortisol production. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;217:359–364)
Abstract
Objective
To determine changes in clinical signs of disease and response to pulmonary function testing in horses with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves) after aerosol and parenteral administration of beclomethasone dipropionate and dexamethasone, respectively.
Animals
6 horses with inducible and reversible heaves.
Procedure
Episodes of heaves were induced by exposure (challenge) to moldy hay and straw for 7 days. Horses were assigned to treatment groups (aerosolized beclomethasone dipropionate, parenterally administered dexamethasone, aerosolized propellant [control]), and respiratory frequency and subjective assessment of respiratory effort were determined twice daily. Maximal change in pleural pressure (ΔPplmax), pulmonary resistance (RL), and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) was determined on days 0, 7, 10, 14, and 21.
Results
The RL and ΔPplmax were increased, and Cdyn was decreased in all horses in response to natural challenge. Beclomethasone reduced RL on day 10, reduced ΔPplmax on days 14 and 21 and increased Cdyn on day 14. Dexamethasone reduced RL and ΔPplmax on days 10, 14, and 21 and increased Cdyn on days 10 and 14. Respiratory effort (subjective assessment) improved after 2 and 3 days of beclomethasone and dexamethasone administration but rebounded to pretreatment values 1 and 3 days after discontinuation of drugs.
Conclusions
Pulmonary function testing responses and clinical signs of airway obstruction were improved by administration of beclomethasone. The magnitude of response to aerosolized beclomethasone generally was less marked than the response to parenterally administered dexamethasone. Higher or more frequent dosing of aerosolized beclomethasone may be necessary to achieve the anti-inflammatory response to parenterally administered dexamethasone. (Am J Vet Res 1998;59:1039–1043)
