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- Author or Editor: Elizabeth M. Bailey x
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Abstract
Objective—To determine the effects of leuprolide acetate, a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog, in ferrets with adrenocortical diseases.
Design—Case series.
Animals—20 ferrets with adrenocortical disease diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs and plasma sex hormone concentrations.
Procedure—Ferrets were treated with leuprolide (100 µg, IM, once), and plasma hormone concentrations were measured before and 3 to 6 weeks after treatment.
Results—Leuprolide treatment resulted in significant reductions in plasma estradiol, 17 α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone concentrations and eliminated or reduced clinical signs associated with adrenocortical disease. Decreases in vulvar swelling, pruritus, and undesirable sexual behaviors and aggression were evident 14 days after treatment; hair regrowth was evident by 4 weeks after treatment. The response to treatment was transitory, and clinical signs recurred in all ferrets. Mean ± SEM time to recurrence was 3.7 ± 0.4 months (range, 1.5 to 8 months).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that leuprolide can be safely used to temporarily eliminate clinical signs and reduce sex hormone concentrations in ferrets with adrenocortical diseases. However, the safety of long-term leuprolide use in ferrets has not been investigated, and the long-term effects of leuprolide in ferrets with nodular adrenal gland hyperplasia or adrenal gland tumors are unknown. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001;218:1272–1274)
Abstract
Objective
To determine whether concentrations of dimeric inhibin (αβA) are greater in plasma and tumor fluid from mares with granulosa-theca cell tumors (GTCT), compared with concentrations in plasma and equine follicular fluid (eFF) from control mares.
Animals
6 mares with GTCT and 12 clinically normal mares.
Procedure
The αβA immunoradiometric assay used 2 antibodies, one against each subunit of inhibin (α and βA subunits). Tumor tissue, tumor fluid, and a single blood sample were collected at the time of surgical removal of the GTCT. A single blood sample was collected from 7 control mares during various stages of the estrous cycle. Five other control mares were ovariectomized when their ovaries contained growing follicles of 25 to 35 mm in diameter. A blood sample and eFF from the largest follicle were collected at the time of ovariectomy.
Results
Mares with GTCT had significantly greater plasma concentrations of αβA (mean ± SEM, 0.86 ± 0.53 ng of recombinant human-αβA/ml), compared with control mares (0.14 ± 0.02 ng/ml). Concentrations of αβA in tumor fluid and eFF were similar. Concentrations of αβA were significantly lower after ovariectomy.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Dimeric inhibin concentration was higher in plasma from mares with GTCT than in plasma from control mares. Increased granulosa cell mass and loss of mechanisms regulating αβA release in mares with GTCT likely accounted for the increase in plasma concentrations. Measurement of αβA concentrations may be useful for identifying mares with GTCT. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:1407–1410)
Objective
To determine the effect of oral melatonin (MT) administration on serum concentrations of sex hormones, prolactin, and thyroxine in dogs.
Design
Prospective study.
Animals
8 male and 8 female adult sexually intact dogs.
Procedure
5 male and 5 female dogs were treated with MT (1.0 to 1.3 mg/kg [0.45 to 0.59 mg/lb] of body weight), PO, every 12 hours for 28 days; the other 6 dogs were used as controls. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 14, and 28, and serum concentrations of estradiol-17β, progesterone, testosterone, androstenedione, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-HP), dihydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (DHEAS), prolactin, and thyroxine were determined. On day 5, serum MT concentrations were measured before and periodically for up to 8 hours after MT administration in 4 treated dogs.
Results
Female dogs treated with MT had significant decreases in serum estradiol, testosterone, and DHEAS concentrations between days 0 and 28. Male dogs treated with MT had significant decreases in serum estradiol and 17-HP concentrations between days 0 and 28. Serum MT concentrations increased significantly after MT administration and remained high for at least 8 hours. Prolactin and thyroxine concentrations were unaffected by treatment.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Melatonin is well absorbed following oral administration and may alter serum sex hormone concentrations. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1111–1115)
