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- Author or Editor: Bruce M. Olcott x
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Summary
Dialyzable lymph node extracts (dle) containing transfer factor prepared from calves sensitized to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and keyhole-limpet hemocyanin (klh) were administered to 4 adult cows with chronic paratuberculosis. Cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity, lymphocyte blastogenesis, monocyte migration-inhibition, and lymphoblast proliferative capacity as a reflection of interleukin-2 (il-2) activity were measured in 2 response to M bovis purified protein derivative, johnin, and klh before and after treatment with DLE. Change in cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity was not evident after DLE treatment. Alterations in histologic features of pre- and posttreatment sections of ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes were not detected. Lymph node extract treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased il-2 activity and migration-inhibition in response to johnin and klh in vitro. Treatment had no effect on lymphocyte blastogenesis. The data indicate that cattle with chronic paratuberculosis may benefit from dle treatment, by virtue of increased il-2 activity, and that effects of dle are at least partially mediated by an increase in il-2 activity.
SUMMARY
Electrodiagnostic visual testing (electroretinogram [erg] and visual-evoked potential [vep]) was performed on 5 ruminants (3 lambs, 1 kid, and 1 steer) with thiamine-responsive polioencephalomalacia (pem) and on 2 sheep with listeriosis. The lambs and kid had typical clinical signs of pem, especially blindness. In these animals, the erg was normal but the vep was abnormal. Follow-up recordings in the kid and 1 lamb indicated an improvement in vep recordings accompanying a gradual return of vision after thiamine treatment. Possible subtle changes in vep peak latencies could not be assessed because of lack of normative vep data for sheep and goats. All animals had complete return of vision (owner-assessed). The steer did not have signs of blindness, and the erg and vep were normal. Changes in vep accompanying permanent pem blindness are not known.
One sheep with suspected listeriosis had lack of menace response and palpebral and corneal reflexes, but had intact vision. The erg and vep were normal. The second sheep with suspected listeriosis had intact menace response and vision, but became acutely blind and died; the ERG was normal, but vep amplitudes were depressed.
