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  • Author or Editor: Bernhard Gerber x
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Abstract

Objective—To evaluate an electrolyte analyzer for measurement of ionized calcium (Cai) and magnesium (Mgi) concentrations in blood, plasma, and serum; investigate the effect of various factors on measured values; and establish reference ranges for Cai and Mgi in dogs.

Animals—30 healthy adult dogs of various breeds.

Procedure—Precision in a measurement series, day-to-day precision, and linearity were used to evaluate the analyzer. The effects of exposure of serum samples to air, type of specimen (blood, plasma, or serum), and storage temperature on sample stability were assessed. Reference ranges were established with anaerobically handled serum.

Results—The coefficient of variation for precision in a measurement series was ≤ 1.5% for both electrolytes at various concentrations. The Cai and Mgi concentrations were significantly lower in aerobically handled serum samples, compared with anaerobically handled samples. The Cai and Mgi concentrations differed significantly among blood, plasma, and serum samples. In anaerobically handled serum, Cai was stable for 24 hours at 22°C, 48 hours at 4°C, and 11 weeks at –20°C; Mgi was stable for 8 hours at 22°C, < 24 hours at 4°C, and < 1 week at –20°C. In anaerobically handled serum, reference ranges were 1.20 to 1.35 mmol/L for Cai and 0.42 to 0.58 mmol/L for Mgi.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The electrolyte analyzer was suitable for determination of Cai and Mgi concentrations in dogs. Accurate results were obtained in anaerobically handled serum samples analyzed within 8 hours and kept at 22°C. (Am J Vet Res 2004;65:183–187)

Full access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

Abstract

Objective—To compare serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-[OH]2D3) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-[OH]D3) in healthy control dogs and dogs with naturally occurring acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).

Animals—24 control dogs, 10 dogs with ARF, and 40 dogs with CRF.

Procedure—Serum concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 were measured by use of a quantitative radioimmunoassay, and serum concentrations of 25- (OH)D3 were measured by use of a protein-binding assay.

Results—Mean ± SD serum concentration of 1,25- (OH)2D3 was 153 ± 50 pmol/L in control dogs, 75 ± 25 pmol/L in dogs with ARF, and 93 ± 67 pmol/L in dogs with CRF. The concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D3 did not differ significantly between dogs with ARF and those with CRF and was in the reference range in most dogs; however, the concentration was significantly lower in dogs with ARF or CRF, compared with the concentration in control dogs. Mean ± SD concentration of 25-(OH)D3 was 267 ± 97 nmol/L in control dogs, 130 ± 82 nmol/L in dogs with ARF, and 84 ± 60 nmol/L in dogs with CRF. The concentration of 25- (OH)D3 was significantly lower in dogs with ARF or CRF, compared with the concentration in control dogs.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D3 was within the reference range in most dogs with renal failure. Increased serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone indicated a relative deficiency of 1,25-(OH)2D3. A decrease in the serum concentration of 25-(OH)D3 in dogs with CRF appeared to be attributable to reduced intake and increased urinary loss. (Am J Vet Res 2003;64:1161–1166)

Full access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research