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more homogeneous lung emptying during expiration. Previous studies 7 , 10 in horses have shown significant improvements in arterial blood oxygenation and cardiac output (CO) with FLEX compared to VCV. The exact mechanism by which FLEX results in such a

Open access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

A rterial blood gas (aBG) evaluation is a point-of-care diagnostic test used to evaluate oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base balance in critically ill patients, particularly dogs. The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (Pa o 2 ) is

Open access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

scintigraphy in horses, 12 and using CT angiography (CTA) in ponies. 13 The beneficial effect of PiNO on oxygenation indices in anesthetized horses has been described in numerous studies. 14 – 19 However, if PiNO is administered to mechanically ventilated

Open access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

decreases in VSV were due to the artificial positive-pressure pneumothorax, which may affect oxygenation ability. In a report 21 of 2-lung ventilation with CDI alone, the Sp o 2 significantly decreased at IPPs ≥ 9 mm Hg. With OLV-CDI, the blood flow within

Open access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

isoflurane anesthesia diluted in 40% O 2 . 8 While SpO 2 results presented here could suggest that blood oxygenation was lower in animals breathing room air, the critical hypoxic threshold is unclear in sea turtles as low values of arterial oxygen may be

Open access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

showed promising results in people, pigs, and horses, and its implementation has documented improvements in arterial oxygenation, with limited cardiovascular compromise. 12 , 17 , 19 – 24 It is unknown, however, how the application of FLEX ventilation

Open access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

malformations, and ischemia, as suggested by decreased skin temperature in peripheral AV fistula models. 6 In cases where pressure and decreased oxygenation persist, angiogenesis can occur, manifesting as a new vascular plexus in the fistula region (ie

Open access
in Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

threshold for hemoglobin is surpassed. 4 The proximal tubule and the medulla of the kidney are highly metabolic and thus exquisitely sensitive to decreased oxygenation. 4 In addition to anemia, oxygen delivery is further exacerbated by the oxidation of

Open access
in Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measures oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in tissues, reflecting the balance of tissue DO 2 and consumption. 8 In humans, this tool has been shown to predict the need for blood product administration in trauma

Open access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research

Opin Crit Care . 2002 ; 8 : 236 – 241 . doi: 10.1097/00075198-200206000-00007 11. Poterman M , Vos JJ , Vereecke HE , et al . Differential effects of phenylephrine and norepinephrine on peripheral tissue oxygenation during general

Open access
in American Journal of Veterinary Research