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microscope. f The percentage of DNA-fragmented spermatozoa was calculated as the percentage of spermatozoa that had a fluorescence spectrum from yellow to red. Euthanasia protocol All rabbits were euthanized at the end of the study by IV
performed following euthanasia to aid in locating the pellets. Necropsy evaluation and gross examination of wound areas and internal organs were performed. Sites of implantation containing the implanted pellet were resected en bloc. The pellet from each site
Summary
A model of toxin-induced progressive hepatitis is described in Beagles. The toxin, dimethylnitrosamine, was administered orally to 18 Beagles; 6 dogs comprised a control group. Clinical signs and laboratory test results were monitored as disease progressed and were used to determine the end point of disease. Following euthanasia, histologic lesions were scored and used to derive a total severity score for each dog. Severity scores were then used to allot the 18 dogs to 3 groups of hepatic disease, defined as mild, moderate, or severe. Changes in clinical laboratory test results, including tests of hepatic function, and clinical signs indicative of liver disease were described chronologically for all dogs. Group means of clinical laboratory test results and quantifiable clinical signs (eg, weight loss and ascitic fluid accumulation) were compared. This model offers several advantages, compared with other experimental models of canine hepatic disease. These include hepatospecificity, similarity to natural disease (eg, the development of multiple extrahepatic portosystemic shunts), and the ability to titrate the disease to a desired end point. The major disadvantages of this model were the toxic nature of the drug to human beings and the variation in individual animal response to the toxin, which precludes preassignment of animals into groups.
−3 and the day of euthanasia. Rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate were recorded on day −3 and daily between day 1 and the day on which cats were euthanized. Systolic blood pressure e was measured each time that a cat was
of melamine/kg. Because 2 salmon died prior to their scheduled date of euthanasia, a target dosage of 200 mg each of melamine and cyanuric acid/kg was administered to 2 additional salmon. In a follow-up dosing regimen, 3 trout were given 3 daily doses
hourly for 7 hours before euthanasia. A toxicogenomic approach based on DNA microarrays was used to examine whole-genome expression changes in the treated mice. A—Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis of whole-genome gene expression for ABCB1-1 Δ
reflex with anticipated progression to a comatose state were the primary reasons for early euthanasia of 2 of the 18 ivermectin-treated transgenic mice. Additional signs observed occasionally and inconsistently in the ivermectin-treated transgenic mice