About JAVMA
Editorial Board
Editor in Chief
Lisa A. Fortier, DVM, PhD, DACVS
AVMA
Equine Surgery, Translational Medicine, Regenerative Medicine
Associate Editors
Turi K. Aarnes, DVM, MS, DACVAA
The Ohio State University
Anesthesia, Analgesia, Pain, Pharmacology
Gillian Angliss, DVM
Long Island University
Professional Development, Wellbeing, Preventive Care, Spectrum of Care, Access to Care, Communication
Liara M. Gonzalez, DVM, PhD, DACVS
North Carolina State University
Equine Colic, Intestinal Stem Cells, Intestinal Hypoxia/Ischemia
Ankita Gupta, BS
North Carolina State University, Student
Osteoarthritis, Pain, Neurobiology, Animal Models, Translational Research
Kristi Henderson, DVM
AVMA
Regulatory Medicine, General Mixed Animal Practice, One Health
Bradley T. Hogshead, BS, MS
The Ohio State University, Student
Poultry Medicine, Food Animal Medicine, Preventive Medicine, One Health, Ophthalmology
Adrien-Maxence Hespel, DVM, MS, DACVR
University of Tennessee
3D Printing, Artificial Intelligence, Radiology
Yava L. Jones-Hall, DVM, PhD, DACVP
Texas A&M University
Experimental Pathology, Animal Models, Digital Pathology
Frederick Kibenge, BVM, PhD, DACVM
University of PEI
Virology, Immunology
Jolle Kirpensteijn, DVM, PhD, DACVS, DECVS
Hill’s Pet Nutrition
Soft Tissue Surgery, Oncology
Karen Kline, DVM, MS, DACVIM
VCA Northwest Veterinary Specialists
Medical Neurology, Surgical Neurology, Infectious Disease
Andrew D. Miller, DVM DACVP
Cornell University
Pathology, Comparative Pathology, Neuropathology, Oncologic Pathology
Kristina A. Muise, MSc, BSc
Royal Veterinary College, Student
Animal Physiology, Animal Behaviour, Wildlife Disease, Ecophysiology
Theresa Ollivett, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
University of Wisconsin
Bovine
Barrak M. Pressler, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
AVMA
Internal Medicine, Nephrology/Urology, Immunology
Carlos O. Rodriguez Jr., DVM, PhD, DACVIM
Veterinary Specialists of North Texas
Oncology, Chemotherapy, Drug Development
Jason W. Stull, VMD, MPVM, PhD, DACVPM
The Ohio State University
University of PEI
Epidemiology/Biosecurity, Zoonoses
Gussie Jane Tessier, DVM, PhD
AVMA
Equine Medicine/Repiratory Physiology
Sarah Wright, DVM
AVMA
Zoological and Aquatic Animal Medicine and Social Media Strategy
Scientific Review Board
Arturo Anadon—Madrid, Spain
Lisanework E. Ayalew—Charlottetown, PE, Canada
Francesca Beccati—Perugia, Italy
Clifford Berry—Raleigh, NC
Adam Biedrzycki—Gainesville, FL
Kelly Black—Midlothian, TX
Corrin Boyd—Murdoch, WA, Australia
Ísis Assis Braga—Jataí, Brazil
João Brandão—Stillwater, OK
David Bruyette—Los Angeles, CA
Laura P. Clark—Parsippany, NJ
Linda Dahlgren—Newport, VA
Craig Datz—Columbia, MO
Timothy Dyke—Yass, NSW, Australia
Athema Etzioni—Tuskegee, AL
Robin Fontenot—Mississippi State, MS
Naomi Gades—Scottsdale, AZ
Kathy Gerken—Auburn, AL
John Gilliam—Stillwater, OK
Cengiz Gokbulut—Balıkesir, Turkey
Alonso Guedes—Saint Paul, MN
Dirceu Guilherme de Souza Ramos—Jataí, Brazil
Jan Hawkins—West Lafayette, IN
Eason Hildreth—Birmingham, AL
Erik Hofmeister—Auburn, AL
Rob Hunter—Olathe, KS
Ronald Jones—Liverpool, England
Nathaniel Kapaldo—Manhattan, KS
Sabine Kästner—Hannover, Germany
Terry Katz—Basking Ridge, NJ
Kaitlyn Krebs—Philadelphia, PA
Daniel Langlois—East Lansing, MI
Elizabeth Lund—Seattle, WA
Christoph Mans—Madison, WI
Manuel Martin-Flores—Ithaca, NY
John Mattoon—Pullman, WA
George Moore—West Lafayette, IN
Samantha Morello—Boothbay, ME
Sawako Murakami—Tokyo, Japan
Sarah Pownder—New York, NY
Bruno Pypendop—Davis, CA
Hadi Imani Rastabi—Khuzestan Province, Iran
Marije Risselada—West Lafayette, IN
Thomas Schermerhorn—Manhattan, KS
Carin Smith—Wenatchee, WA
Lauren Stranahan—College Station, TX
Elizabeth Thomovsky—West Lafayette, IN
Ramiro Toribio—Columbus, OH
David A. Wilson—Columbia, MO
Brandan Wustefeld-Janssens—Fort Collins, CO
Beef Cattle Institute—Kansas State University—Manhattan, KS
The Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association and the American Journal of Veterinary Research are grateful to all our reviewers.
We would like to give special recognition to our Scientific Review Board members, who act as the cornerstone of our reviewing body by performing up to 6 reviews annually.
AVMA News
Malinda Larkin, Senior News Editor
Katie Burns, News Managing Editor
R. Scott Nolen, Senior News Reporter
Coco Lederhouse, News Reporter
Anita Suresh, News Assistant Reporter
Rebecca Harris, Online Editorial Assistant
Administrative Staff
Karen L. Dodson, MBA, Editorial Manager
Stacey L. Geelan, Senior Administrative Coordinator
Production
Nicholas T. De Luca, Managing Editor
Justin D. DeAre, Publications Technology Specialist
Julie L. McLearen, Senior Production Coordinator
William A. Mazur, Production Coordinator I
Michelle A. Krieger, Publishing Editor
Victor Schultz, Senior Copy Editor
Kristen M. White, Copy Editor
Rebecca Harris, Online Editorial Assistant
Christina M. Banks, Display Advertising Associate
Mark A. Williamson, Advertising and Subscription Fulfillment Associate
Rita E. Donnelly, Advertising and Subscription Fulfillment Associate
AVMA Officers
Dr. Lori M. Teller, President
Dr. Rena Carlson, President-Elect
Dr. Jennifer Quammen, Vice President
Dr. Arnold L. Goldman, Treasurer
Dr. José V. Arce, Immediate Past President
Dr. Ronald E. Gill, Chair, Board of Directors
Dr. Charles A. Lemme, Vice Chair, Board of Directors
Dr. Janet D. Donlin, Executive Vice President/CEO
Dr. David E. Granstrom, Assistant Executive Vice President
AVMA District Directors
Dr. Amanda Bisol, District I
Dr. Michael Q. Bailey, District II
Dr. Mary E. Ergen, District III
Dr. Seyedmehdi Mobini, District IV
Dr. Robert H. Knapp, District V
Dr. Ronald E. Gill, District VI
Dr. Charles A. Lemme, District VII
Dr. Sam G. Miller, District VIII
Dr. Melanie A. Marsden, District IX
Dr. Richard J. Sullivan, District X
Dr. Sandy Willis, District XI
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Business Information
Editorial Office
1931 N Meacham Rd, Suite 100
Schaumburg, IL 60173-4360
Phone: 847-925-8070, ext 6752
Fax: 847-925-9329
E-mail: JAVMA@avma.org
Website: www.avma.org/journals
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The Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (ISSN 0003-1488) is published monthly at 1931 N Meacham Rd, Suite 100, Schaumburg, IL 60173-4360. Periodicals postage paid at Schaumburg, Ill, and at additional mailing offices.
The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), its Editor, Editorial Board, and publisher specifically disclaim any and all responsibility for the contents, advertisements, opinions, and other material contained in the Journal. Any statements or opinions about commercial products or services are solely the opinion(s) of the author(s) or advertiser(s) and do not represent AVMA endorsement of such statements, opinions, products, or services. The material presented in the Journal is for educational purposes only.
Copyright
Material printed in the JAVMA is covered by copyright. All rights reserved. No portion may be republished, reproduced (including photocopying), displayed, or transmitted without prior written permission from the publisher. Address permission requests to Sheridan Content Solutions at scsreprints@sheridan.com (phone, 800-635-7181, ext 8184).
Publication fee
There is no fee for authors to publish their manuscripts in the JAVMA. Articles published in the JAVMA are posted to the journals website at no charge to the authors. However, access to the full text of these articles is restricted to subscribers or available on a pay-per-view basis.
Authors can choose to have their manuscript made freely available in open access format for all to read, download, and share. The open access fee is $1,200. For information on joining the AVMA or renewing your AVMA membership, see avma.org/membership/join-renew. Open access articles will be licensed under the Creative Commons CC BY-NC license.
Reprints
For author inquiries, contact Cindy Eyler at The Sheridan Press (phone, 800-352-2210, ext 8008; fax, 717-633-8929; email, cindy.eyler@sheridan.com). For commercial inquiries, contact Sheridan Content Solutions at scsreprints@sheridan.com (phone, 800-635-7181, ext 8184).
Display Advertising
For information on display advertising, contact Nathan Altadonna, Advertising Accounts Manager, at Alter Insights (phone, (405) 708-3895; e-mail, JAVMA_Sales@avma.org).
Classified Advertising
For information on classified advertising, contact our Classified Ad Department (phone, 800-248-2862, ext 6639 or 6640; fax, 847-925-9329; e-mail, classad@avma.org).
Subscriptions
Subscription price for nonmembers in the United States and possessions, $350 per year; for nonmembers in foreign countries, $360 per year. Single copies are $40 (United States and possessions) and $45 (foreign countries). For subscriptions and customer service, contact the JAVMA by mail (AVMA Publications Division, 1931 N Meacham Rd, Suite 100, Schaumburg, IL 60173-4360), phone (800-248-2862, ext 6639/6640), or e-mail (subscriptions@avma.org). For AVMA members, address changes can be made online at www.avma.org, by clicking on Member Center. Postmaster: send address changes to JAVMA Address Changes, 1931 N Meacham Rd, Suite 100, Schaumburg, IL 60173-4360.
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AVMA Information
The Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association is owned and published by the American Veterinary Medical Association.
AVMA Offices
1931 N Meacham Rd, Suite 100
Schaumburg, IL 60173-4360
Phone: 847-925-8070 or 800-248-2862
Fax: 847-925-1329
1910 Sunderland Place, NW
Washington, DC 20036-1642
Phone: 202-789-0007 or 800-321-1473
Fax: 202-842-4360
AVMA Partners
AVMA Life
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Suite 106
Schaumburg, IL 60173
Phone: 800-621-6360
AVMA PLIT
PO Box 1629
Chicago, IL 60690-1629
Phone: 800-228-7548
American Veterinary Medical Foundation
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Schaumburg, IL 60173-4360
Phone: 800-248-2862, ext 6690
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