Cover Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
ISSN:
0003-1488
Publication Date:
08 Mar 2022
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Editorial Type:
Scientific Reports

Clinical and pathological findings of rabbits with lymphoma: 16 cases (1996–2019)

Jessica A. RobertsonWilliam R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA

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David Sanchez-Migallon GuzmanDepartment of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA

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Jennifer L. WillcoxDepartment of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA

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Kevin KeelDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA

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William VernauDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.21.03.0122
Volume/Issue:
Volume 260: Issue 9
Online Publication Date:
08 Mar 2022
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine the clinical and pathological findings of rabbits diagnosed with lymphoma.

ANIMALS

16 rabbits.

PROCEDURES

The medical and pathology records database of the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at the University of California, Davis was searched for rabbits diagnosed with lymphoma from 1996 to 2019.

RESULTS

Mean age of the 16 rabbits was 8 years (range, 4.5 to 12 years). Immunophenotyping was performed in 14 cases. Diffuse, large, B-cell lymphoma was most common (n = 7) followed by epitheliotropic, T-cell lymphoma (2); type II enteropathy-associated, T-cell lymphoma (2); marginal-zone, B-cell lymphoma (1); peripheral, T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (cutaneous nonepitheliotropic lymphoma; 1); primary, mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma (1), and unclassified (cytology only with no immunophenotyping; 2). Multiple chemotherapy protocols were used on the basis of each individual animal’s disease state. Initial clinical improvement was reported for most rabbits receiving chemotherapy (5/6), with diffuse B-cell lymphoma responding most favorably to treatment. The 11 rabbits included in the survival analysis had a median survival time of 60 days (range, 1 to 480 days), and those diagnosed with B- and T-cell lymphoma had a median survival time of 8 and 36 days (range, 1 to 150 and 1 to 90 days), respectively.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Rabbits develop a range of lymphoma subtypes and, similar to humans and dogs, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma appears to be the most common. Chemotherapy treatments followed multiple protocols, which were mostly well tolerated and had a highly variable response. Further research into chemotherapy protocols is needed to optimize treatment of lymphoma in rabbits.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine the clinical and pathological findings of rabbits diagnosed with lymphoma.

ANIMALS

16 rabbits.

PROCEDURES

The medical and pathology records database of the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at the University of California, Davis was searched for rabbits diagnosed with lymphoma from 1996 to 2019.

RESULTS

Mean age of the 16 rabbits was 8 years (range, 4.5 to 12 years). Immunophenotyping was performed in 14 cases. Diffuse, large, B-cell lymphoma was most common (n = 7) followed by epitheliotropic, T-cell lymphoma (2); type II enteropathy-associated, T-cell lymphoma (2); marginal-zone, B-cell lymphoma (1); peripheral, T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (cutaneous nonepitheliotropic lymphoma; 1); primary, mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma (1), and unclassified (cytology only with no immunophenotyping; 2). Multiple chemotherapy protocols were used on the basis of each individual animal’s disease state. Initial clinical improvement was reported for most rabbits receiving chemotherapy (5/6), with diffuse B-cell lymphoma responding most favorably to treatment. The 11 rabbits included in the survival analysis had a median survival time of 60 days (range, 1 to 480 days), and those diagnosed with B- and T-cell lymphoma had a median survival time of 8 and 36 days (range, 1 to 150 and 1 to 90 days), respectively.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Rabbits develop a range of lymphoma subtypes and, similar to humans and dogs, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma appears to be the most common. Chemotherapy treatments followed multiple protocols, which were mostly well tolerated and had a highly variable response. Further research into chemotherapy protocols is needed to optimize treatment of lymphoma in rabbits.

Supplementary Materials

    • Supplementary Table S1 (PDF 146 KB)
    • Supplementary Table S2 (PDF 139 KB)

Contributor Notes

Corresponding author: Dr. Sanchez-Migallon Guzman (guzman@ucdavis.edu)