Effects of long-term oral administration of melatonin on tear production, intraocular pressure, and tear and serum melatonin concentrations in healthy dogs

Claudia Giannetto Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario Annunziata, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

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Seyed Mehdi Rajaei Ophthalmology Section, Negah Veterinary Centre, Tehran, Iran
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

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Arman Abdous Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

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Hesam Ostadhasan Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

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Hannah Emami Alagha Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

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Houman Faghihi Ophthalmology Section, Negah Veterinary Centre, Tehran, Iran

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Giuseppe Piccione Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario Annunziata, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

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Roghiyeh Omidi Stem Cell Preparation Unit, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Francesco Fazio Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario Annunziata, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effects of long-term (30-day) oral administration of melatonin on tear production, intraocular pressure (IOP), and concentration of melatonin in the tears and serum of healthy dogs.

ANIMALS

20 healthy sexually intact adult male dogs.

PROCEDURES

10 dogs were given melatonin (0.3 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h, administered in food at 9 am), and 10 dogs were given a placebo. Tear and serum melatonin concentrations, IOP, and tear production (determined with a Schirmer tear test) were recorded before (baseline) and 30 minutes, 3 hours, and 5 hours after administration of melatonin or the placebo on day 1 and 30 minutes after administration of melatonin or the placebo on days 8, 15, and 30.

RESULTS

Data collection time had significant effects on tear production, IOP, and tear melatonin concentration but not on serum melatonin concentration. Treatment (melatonin vs placebo) had a significant effect on tear melatonin concentration, but not on tear production, IOP, or serum melatonin concentration; however, tear melatonin concentration was significantly different between groups only 30 minutes after administration on day 1 and not at other times.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In healthy dogs, long-term administration of melatonin at a dosage of 0.3 mg/kg, PO, every 24 hours did not have any clinically important effects on tear production, IOP, or serum or tear melatonin concentrations.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effects of long-term (30-day) oral administration of melatonin on tear production, intraocular pressure (IOP), and concentration of melatonin in the tears and serum of healthy dogs.

ANIMALS

20 healthy sexually intact adult male dogs.

PROCEDURES

10 dogs were given melatonin (0.3 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h, administered in food at 9 am), and 10 dogs were given a placebo. Tear and serum melatonin concentrations, IOP, and tear production (determined with a Schirmer tear test) were recorded before (baseline) and 30 minutes, 3 hours, and 5 hours after administration of melatonin or the placebo on day 1 and 30 minutes after administration of melatonin or the placebo on days 8, 15, and 30.

RESULTS

Data collection time had significant effects on tear production, IOP, and tear melatonin concentration but not on serum melatonin concentration. Treatment (melatonin vs placebo) had a significant effect on tear melatonin concentration, but not on tear production, IOP, or serum melatonin concentration; however, tear melatonin concentration was significantly different between groups only 30 minutes after administration on day 1 and not at other times.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In healthy dogs, long-term administration of melatonin at a dosage of 0.3 mg/kg, PO, every 24 hours did not have any clinically important effects on tear production, IOP, or serum or tear melatonin concentrations.

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