Letters to the Editor

  • 1.

    Wallace WL, Grimes JA, Edwards L, et al. Dogs ≥ five years of age at the time of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt diagnosis have better long-term outcomes with surgical attenuation than with medical management alone. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2022;260(7):758764.

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  • 2.

    O’Neill DG, Church DB, McGreevy PD, Thomson PC, Brodbelt DC. Longevity and mortality of owned dogs in England. Vet J. 2013;198(3):638643.

  • 1.

    Greenhalgh SN, Reeve JA, Johnstone T, et al. Long-term survival and quality of life in dogs with clinical signs associated with a congenital portosystemic shunt after surgical or medical treatment. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2014;245(5):527533.

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  • 2.

    Favier RP, de Graaf E, Corbee RJ, et al. Outcome of non-surgical dietary management with or without lactulose in dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts. Vet Q. 2020;40(1):108114.

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