Antimicrobial stewardship definition and core principles. AVMA. Accessed May 15, 2021. https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/antimicrobial-stewardship-definition-and-core-principles
Li M, Gehring R, Riviere JE, Lin Z. Development and application of a population physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for penicillin G in swine and cattle for food safety assessment. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017;107(pt A):74–87.
CLSI. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk and Dilution Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria Isolated From Animals. 5th ed. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2020.
Riviere J, Papich MG. Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 10th ed. Wiley-Blackwell; 2018:867–877.
Martinez MN, Papich MG, Drusano GL. Dosing regimen matters: the importance of early intervention and rapid attainment of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012;56(6):2795–2805.
Yáñez JA, Remsberg CM, Sayre CL, Forrest ML, Davies NM. Flip-flop pharmacokinetics – delivering a reversal of disposition: challenges and opportunities during drug development. Ther Deliv. 2011;2(5):643–672.
Riviere JE. Comparative Pharmacokinetics: Principles, Techniques and Applications. 2nd ed. Wiley; 2011.
DeDonder KD, Gehring R, Baynes RE, et al. Effects of new sampling protocols on procaine penicillin G withdrawal intervals for cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013;243(10):1408–1412.
VetGRAM. FARAD. Accessed June 3, 2021. www.farad.org/vetgram/search.asp
Ambrose PG. Monte Carlo simulation in the evaluation of susceptibility breakpoints: predicting the future: insights from the society of infectious diseases pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy. 2006;26(1):129–134.
Trang M, Dudley MN, Bhavnani SM. Use of Monte Carlo simulation and considerations for PK-PD targets to support antibacterial dose selection. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2017;36:107–113.
Bateman KG, Martin SW, Shewen PE, Menzies PI. An evaluation of antimicrobial therapy for undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease. Can Vet J. 1990;31(10):689–696.
Mechor GD, Jim GK, Janzen ED. Comparison of penicillin, oxytetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfadoxine in the treatment of acute undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease. Can Vet J. 1988;29(5):438–443.
English PB. The therapeutic use of penicillin: the relationship between dose rate and plasma concentration after parenteral administration of benzylpenicillin (penicillin G). Vet Rec. 1965;77:810–814.
Turnidge JD. The pharmacodynamics of β-lactams. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27(1):10–22.
Teske RH, Rollins LD, Carter GG. Penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin serum concentrations after administration in single and repeated doses to feeder steers. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1972;160(6):873–878.
Hjerpe CA, Routen TA. Practical and theoretical considerations concerning treatment of bacterial pneumonia in feedlot cattle, with special reference to antimicrobic therapy. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Convention of AABP. American Association of Bovine Practitioners; 1976:97–140.
Papich MG, Korsrud GO, Boison JO, et al. A study of the disposition of procaine penicillin G in feedlot steers following intramuscular and subcutaneous injection. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1993;16(3):317–327.
Korsrud GO, Boison JO, Papich MG, et al. Depletion of intramuscularly and subcutaneously injected procaine penicillin G from tissues and plasma of yearling beef steers. Can J Vet Res. 1993;57(4):223–230.
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act of 1994 (AMDUCA). FDA. Accessed May 15, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/guidance-regulations/animal-medicinal-drug-use-clarification-act-1994-amduca
Sundlof SF. Drug and chemical residues in livestock. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 1989;5(2):411–449.
Lindemayr H, Knobler R, Kraft D, Baumgartner W. Challenge of penicillin-allergic volunteers with penicillin-contaminated meat. Allergy. 1981;36(7):471–478.
Wicher K, Reisman RE, Arbesman CE. Allergic reaction to penicillin in milk. JAMA. 1969;208(1):143–145.
Craigmill AL. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for oxytetracycline residues in sheep. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2003;26(1):55–63.
Luthman J, Jacobsson SO. Distribution of penicillin G in serum and tissue cage fluid in cattle. Acta Vet Scand. 1986;27(3):313–325.
Riviere JE, Webb AI, Craigmill AL. Primer on estimating withdrawal times after extralabel drug use. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998;213(7):966–968.
Li M, Gehring R, Riviere JE, Lin Z. Probabilistic physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for penicillin G in milk from dairy cows following intramammary or intramuscular administrations. Toxicol Sci. 2018;164(1):85–100.
Bengtsson B, Franklin A, Lutman J, Jacobsson SO. Concentrations of sulphadimidine, oxytetracycline and penicillin G in serum, synovial fluid and tissue cage fluid after parenteral administration to calves. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1989;12(1):37–45.
Beef Quality Assurance. Accessed April 21, 2021. https://www.bqa.org/
Gehring R, Baynes RE, Craigmill AL, Riviere JE. Feasibility of using half-life multipliers to estimate extended withdrawal intervals following the extralabel use of drugs in food-producing animals. J Food Prot. 2004;67(3):555–560.
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Antimicrobial stewardship definition and core principles. AVMA. Accessed May 15, 2021. https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/antimicrobial-stewardship-definition-and-core-principles
Li M, Gehring R, Riviere JE, Lin Z. Development and application of a population physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for penicillin G in swine and cattle for food safety assessment. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017;107(pt A):74–87.
CLSI. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk and Dilution Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria Isolated From Animals. 5th ed. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2020.
Riviere J, Papich MG. Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 10th ed. Wiley-Blackwell; 2018:867–877.
Martinez MN, Papich MG, Drusano GL. Dosing regimen matters: the importance of early intervention and rapid attainment of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012;56(6):2795–2805.
Yáñez JA, Remsberg CM, Sayre CL, Forrest ML, Davies NM. Flip-flop pharmacokinetics – delivering a reversal of disposition: challenges and opportunities during drug development. Ther Deliv. 2011;2(5):643–672.
Riviere JE. Comparative Pharmacokinetics: Principles, Techniques and Applications. 2nd ed. Wiley; 2011.
DeDonder KD, Gehring R, Baynes RE, et al. Effects of new sampling protocols on procaine penicillin G withdrawal intervals for cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013;243(10):1408–1412.
VetGRAM. FARAD. Accessed June 3, 2021. www.farad.org/vetgram/search.asp
Ambrose PG. Monte Carlo simulation in the evaluation of susceptibility breakpoints: predicting the future: insights from the society of infectious diseases pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy. 2006;26(1):129–134.
Trang M, Dudley MN, Bhavnani SM. Use of Monte Carlo simulation and considerations for PK-PD targets to support antibacterial dose selection. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2017;36:107–113.
Bateman KG, Martin SW, Shewen PE, Menzies PI. An evaluation of antimicrobial therapy for undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease. Can Vet J. 1990;31(10):689–696.
Mechor GD, Jim GK, Janzen ED. Comparison of penicillin, oxytetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfadoxine in the treatment of acute undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease. Can Vet J. 1988;29(5):438–443.
English PB. The therapeutic use of penicillin: the relationship between dose rate and plasma concentration after parenteral administration of benzylpenicillin (penicillin G). Vet Rec. 1965;77:810–814.
Turnidge JD. The pharmacodynamics of β-lactams. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27(1):10–22.
Teske RH, Rollins LD, Carter GG. Penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin serum concentrations after administration in single and repeated doses to feeder steers. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1972;160(6):873–878.
Hjerpe CA, Routen TA. Practical and theoretical considerations concerning treatment of bacterial pneumonia in feedlot cattle, with special reference to antimicrobic therapy. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Convention of AABP. American Association of Bovine Practitioners; 1976:97–140.
Papich MG, Korsrud GO, Boison JO, et al. A study of the disposition of procaine penicillin G in feedlot steers following intramuscular and subcutaneous injection. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1993;16(3):317–327.
Korsrud GO, Boison JO, Papich MG, et al. Depletion of intramuscularly and subcutaneously injected procaine penicillin G from tissues and plasma of yearling beef steers. Can J Vet Res. 1993;57(4):223–230.
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act of 1994 (AMDUCA). FDA. Accessed May 15, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/guidance-regulations/animal-medicinal-drug-use-clarification-act-1994-amduca
Sundlof SF. Drug and chemical residues in livestock. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 1989;5(2):411–449.
Lindemayr H, Knobler R, Kraft D, Baumgartner W. Challenge of penicillin-allergic volunteers with penicillin-contaminated meat. Allergy. 1981;36(7):471–478.
Wicher K, Reisman RE, Arbesman CE. Allergic reaction to penicillin in milk. JAMA. 1969;208(1):143–145.
Craigmill AL. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for oxytetracycline residues in sheep. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2003;26(1):55–63.
Luthman J, Jacobsson SO. Distribution of penicillin G in serum and tissue cage fluid in cattle. Acta Vet Scand. 1986;27(3):313–325.
Riviere JE, Webb AI, Craigmill AL. Primer on estimating withdrawal times after extralabel drug use. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998;213(7):966–968.
Li M, Gehring R, Riviere JE, Lin Z. Probabilistic physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for penicillin G in milk from dairy cows following intramammary or intramuscular administrations. Toxicol Sci. 2018;164(1):85–100.
Bengtsson B, Franklin A, Lutman J, Jacobsson SO. Concentrations of sulphadimidine, oxytetracycline and penicillin G in serum, synovial fluid and tissue cage fluid after parenteral administration to calves. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1989;12(1):37–45.
Beef Quality Assurance. Accessed April 21, 2021. https://www.bqa.org/
Gehring R, Baynes RE, Craigmill AL, Riviere JE. Feasibility of using half-life multipliers to estimate extended withdrawal intervals following the extralabel use of drugs in food-producing animals. J Food Prot. 2004;67(3):555–560.
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