Cover Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
ISSN:
0003-1488
Publication Date:
01 May 2018

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Perioperative mortality rate and risk factors for death in dogs undergoing surgery for treatment of thoracic trauma: 157 cases (1990–2014)

Cassie N. Lux DVM1, William T. N. Culp VMD2, Matthew S. Mellema DVM, PhD3, Desiree D. Rosselli DVM4, Chad W. Schmiedt DVM5, Ameet Singh BSC, DVM, DVSc6, April Haynes DVM7, Emily Schoenrock DVM8, Laura E. Selmic BVetMed, MPH9, Heidi Phillips DVM10, Milan Milovancev DVM11, Philipp D. Mayhew BVM&S12, and Dorothy C. Brown MSCE, DVM13
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  • 1 Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996.
  • | 2 Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616.
  • | 3 Pet Emergency Center, 1100 Atlantic St, Roseville, CA 95678.
  • | 4 VCA West Los Angeles Animal Hospital, 1900 S Sepulveda Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90025.
  • | 5 Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.
  • | 6 Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
  • | 7 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.
  • | 8 Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50014.
  • | 9 Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802.
  • | 10 Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802.
  • | 11 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.
  • | 12 Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616.
  • | 13 Martingale Consulting LLC, Media, PA 19063.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.252.9.1097
Volume/Issue:
Volume 252: Issue 9
Online Publication Date:
01 May 2018
Restricted access
Reprints and Permissions Purchase Article

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To determine perioperative mortality rate and identify risk factors associated with outcome in dogs with thoracic trauma that underwent surgical procedures and to evaluate the utility of the animal trauma triage (ATT) score in predicting outcome.

DESIGN Retrospective case series.

ANIMALS 157 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES Medical records databases of 7 veterinary teaching hospitals were reviewed. Dogs were included if trauma to the thorax was documented and the patient underwent a surgical procedure. History, signalment, results of physical examination and preoperative laboratory tests, surgical procedure, perioperative complications, duration of hospital stay, and details of follow-up were recorded. Descriptive statistics and ATT scores were calculated, and logistic regression analysis was performed.

RESULTS 123 of 157 (78%) patients underwent thoracic surgery, and 134 of 157 (85.4%) survived to discharge. Mean ± SD ATT score for nonsurvivors was 8 ± 2.4. In the multivariable model, female dogs and dogs that did not experience cardiac arrest as a postoperative complication had odds of survival 6 times and 102 times, respectively, those of male dogs and dogs that did experience cardiac arrest as a postoperative complication. Additionally, patients with a mean ATT score < 7 had odds of survival 5 times those of patients with an ATT score ≥ 7.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The overall perioperative mortality rate was low for patients with thoracic trauma undergoing surgery in this study. However, male dogs and dogs that experienced cardiac arrest had a lower likelihood of survival to discharge. The ATT score may be a useful adjunct to assist clinical decision-making in veterinary patients with thoracic trauma.

Supplementary Materials

    • Supplementary Appendix s1 (PDF 80 kb)
    • Supplementary Table s1 (PDF 48 kb)

Contributor Notes

Address correspondence to Dr. Lux (clux@utk.edu).