Evaluation of drug content (potency) for compounded and FDA–approved formulations of doxycycline on receipt and after 21 days of storage

Kate KuKanich Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.

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Butch KuKanich Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.

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Tanner Slead Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.

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Matt Warner Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE To determine drug content (potency) of compounded doxycycline formulations for veterinary use and of US FDA–approved doxycycline formulations for human use < 24 hours after receipt (day 1) and after 21 days of storage under recommended conditions (day 21).

DESIGN Evaluation study.

SAMPLE FDA-approved doxycycline tablets (100 mg), capsules (100 mg), and liquid suspension (10 mg/mL) and compounded doxycycline formulations from 3 pharmacies (tablets [25, 100, and 150 mg; 1 product/source], chews [100 mg; 1 product/source], and liquid suspensions or solution [6 mg/mL {2 sources} and 50 mg/mL {1 source}]).

PROCEDURES Doxycycline content was measured in 5 samples of each tablet, chew, or capsule formulation and 5 replicates/bottle of liquid formulation on days 1 and 21 by liquid chromatography and compared with US Pharmacopeia acceptable ranges.

RESULTS All FDA-approved formulations had acceptable content on days 1 and 21. On day 1, mean doxycycline content for the 3 compounded tablet formulations was 89%, 98%, and 116% (3/5, 5/5, and 1/5 samples within acceptable ranges); day 21 content range was 86% to 112% (1/5, 5/5, and 4/5 samples within acceptable ranges). Day 1 content of chews was 81%, 78%, and 98% (0/5, 0/5, and 5/5 samples within acceptable ranges), and that of compounded liquids was 50%, 52%, and 85% (no results within acceptable ranges). No chews or compounded liquid formulations met USP standards on day 21.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE FDA-approved doxycycline should be prescribed when possible. Whole tablets yielded the most consistent doxycycline content for compounded formulations.

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