ECG of the Month

Tommaso Vezzosi Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, via Livornese lato monte, 56122 San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy.

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Federica Marchesotti Department of Cardiology, Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060 Granozzo con Monticello, Novara, Italy.

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Rosalba Tognetti Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, via Livornese lato monte, 56122 San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy.

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Oriol Domenech Department of Cardiology, Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060 Granozzo con Monticello, Novara, Italy.

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Contributor Notes

Address correspondence to Dr. Vezzosi (tommaso.vezzosi86@gmail.com).
  • 1. Schrope DP, Kelch WJ. Signalment, clinical signs, and prognostic indicators associated with high-grade second- or third-degree atrioventricular block in dogs: 124 cases (January 1, 1997-December 31, 1997). JAm Vet Med Assoc 2006; 228:1710–1717.

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  • 2. Church WM, Sisson DD, Oyama MA, et al. Third degree atrioventricular block and sudden death secondary to acute myocarditis in a dog. J Vet Cardiol 2007; 9:53–57.

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  • 3. Robertson BT, Giles HD. Complete heart block associated with vegetative endocarditis in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1972; 161:180–184.

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  • 4. Breitschwerdt EB, Atkins CE, Brown TT, et al. Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and related members of the alpha subdivision of the Proteobacteria in dogs with cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37:3618–3626.

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  • 5. Chomel BB, Mac Donald KA, Kasten RW, et al. Aortic valve endocarditis in a dog due to Bartonella clarridgeiae. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:3548–3554.

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  • 6. MacDonald KA, Chomel BB, Kittleson MD, et al. A prospective study of canine infective endocarditis in northern California (1999–2001): emergence of Bartonella as a prevalent etiologic agent. J Vet Intern Med 2004; 18:56–64.

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  • 7. Sykes JE, Kittleson MD, Pesavento PA, et al. Evaluation of the relationship between causative organisms and clinical characteristics of infective endocarditis in dogs: 71 cases (1992–2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006; 228:1723–1734.

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  • 8. Lombard CW, Buergelt CD. Vegetative bacterial endocarditis in dogs; echocardiographic diagnosis and clinical signs. J Small Anim Pract 1993; 24:325–332.

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  • 9. Ohad DG, Morick D, Avidor B, et al. Molecular detection of Bartonella henselae and Bartonella koehlerae from aortic valves of Boxer dogs with infective endocarditis. Vet Microbiol 2010; 141:182–185.

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  • 10. Sisson D, Thomas WP. Endocarditis of the aortic valve in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1984; 184:570–577.

  • 11. Miller MW, Fox PR, Saunders AB. Pathologic and clinical features of infectious endocarditis. J Vet Cardiol 2004; 6:35–43.

  • 12. Shih AC, Maisenbacher HW, Barreirinha A, et al. Effect of routine cardiovascular catheterization on cardiac troponin I concentration in dogs. J Vet Cardiol 2009; 11:S87–S92.

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  • 13. Choussat R, Thomas D, Isnard R, et al. Perivalvular abscesses associated with endocarditis; clinical features and prognostic factors of overall survival in a series of 233 cases. Perivalvular Abscesses French Multicentre Study. Eur Heart J 1999; 20:232–241.

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  • 14. Batra AS, Epstein D, Silka MJ. The clinical course of acquired complete heart block in children with acute myocarditis. Pediatr Cardiol 2003; 24:495–497.

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  • 15. Santilli RA, Porteiro Vázquez DM, Vezzosi T, et al. Long-term intrinsic rhythm evaluation in dogs with atrioventricular block. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:58–62.

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  • 16. Wang K, Gobel F, Gleason DF, et al. Complete heart block complicating bacterial endocarditis. Circulation 1972; 46:939–947.

  • 17. DiNubile MJ, Calderwood SB, Steinhaus DM, et al. Cardiac conduction abnormalities complicating native valve active infective endocarditis. Am J Cardiol 1986; 58:1213–1217.

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