Smith BP. Large animal internal medicine. 4th ed. St Louis: Mosby Elsevier, 2009;599.
Horney FD. Tracheal prosthesis in a calf. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1975; 167: 463–464.
Fingland RB, Rings DM, Vestweber JG. The etiology and surgical management of tracheal collapse in calves. Vet Surg 1990; 19: 371–379.
Rings DM. Tracheal collapse. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 1995; 11: 171–175.
Advertisement
A 5-week-old female Holstein calf was evaluated for acute respiratory distress. At the farm, the calf had a 1-day history of labored breathing and signs of anxiety. No known trauma or treatment for prior respiratory disease was reported.
On evaluation, the calf had moderate signs of distress with a notable honking noise during respiration, tachypnea (respiratory rate, 60 breaths/min), tachycardia (heart rate, 180 beats/min), reduced nasal airflow, and palpably enlarged costochondral junctions of the third to sixth ribs on the left side. An emergency tracheotomy was performed but failed to alleviate the signs of distress. Upper airway endoscopy revealed
The authors thank Dr. Sean McDonough for technical assistance.