Current update on drugs for game bird species

Martha L. Needham Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank, Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

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Alistair I. Webb Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610

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 BVSc, PhD, DACVA
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Ronald E. Baynes Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606

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Jim E. Riviere Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606

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Arthur L. Craigmill Department of Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

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Lisa A. Tell Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank, Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

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 DVM, DABVP, DACZM

Contributor Notes

Address correspondence to Dr. Tell.
  • 1.

    USDA Web site. Fact sheets. Meat preparation. Food safety of farm-raised game. Available at: www.fsis.usda.gov/Fact_Sheets/Farm_Raised_Game/index.asp. Accessed Feb 1, 2007.

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  • 2.

    USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service, Poultry Programs, Market News Branch. Available at: www.ams.usda.gov/poultry/mncs/WeeklyPoultrySlaughter/2006Reports/PY20051230WPoultrySlaughter.pdf. Accessed Feb 1, 2007.

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  • 3.

    New animal drug applications. Title 21 CFR Chapter 1, part 514, section 1 (d) (1) (ii). Available at: frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/get-cfr.cgi?YEAR=current&TITLE=21&PART=514&SE CTION=1&SUBPART=&TYPE=TEXT. Accessed Apr 1, 2007.

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  • 4.

    Extralabel drug use in animals. Title 21 CFR Chapter 1, part 530. Available at: www.fda.gov/cvm/Documents/530.txt. Accessed Apr 1, 2007.

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  • 5.

    Extra-label use of medicated feeds for minor species. Compliance policy guide. Office of Regulatory Affairs, United States FDA Web site. Available at: www.fda.gov/ora/compliance_ref/cpg/cpgvet/cpg615-115.html. Accessed Apr 1, 2007.

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  • 6.

    FARAD Web site. Regulatory information page. Available at: www.farad.org/reginfo.html. Accessed Apr 17, 2007.

  • 7.

    Cortright KA, Craigmill AL. Cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism of midazolam in hepatic microsomes from chickens, turkeys, pheasant and bobwhite quail. Vet Pharmacol Ther 2006;29:469–476.

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  • 8.

    Chem KL, Chiou PWS. Oral treatment of mule ducks with arsenicals for inducing fatty liver. Poult Sci 2001;80:295–301.

  • 9.

    Potter LM, Blake JP & Blair ME, et al. Salinomycin toxicity in turkeys. Poult Sci 1986;65:1955–1959.

  • 10.

    Kirsch R. Treatment of nematodiasis in poultry and game birds with fenbendazole. Avian Dis 1984;28:311–318.

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    Gozalo AS, Schwiebert RS, Lawson GW. Mortality associated with fenbendazole administration in pigeons (Columba livia). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 2006;45:63–66.

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  • 12.

    Martin-Jimenez T, Baynes RE & Craigmill A, et al. Extrapolated withdrawal-interval estimator (EWE) algorithm: a quantitative approach to establishing extralabel withdrawal times. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2002;36:131–137.

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  • 13.

    Donoghue DJ. Modeling risks from antibiotic and other residues in poultry and eggs. In: Mead GC, ed. Food safety control in the poultry industry. Cambridge, England: Woodhead Publishing Ltd, 2005;83–100.

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  • 14.

    Payne MA, Baynes RE & Sundlof SF, et al. Drugs prohibited from extra-label use in food animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:28–32.

  • 15.

    Iovine NM, Blaser MJ. Antibiotics in animal feed and spread of resistant Campylobacter from poultry to humans. Emerg Infect Dis 2004;10:1158–1159.

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  • 16.

    Humphrey TJ, Jorgensen F & Frost JA, et al. Prevalence and subtypes of ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter spp. in commercial poultry flocks before, during, and after treatment with fluoroquinolones. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005;49:690–698.

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  • 17.

    Hooper DC. Emerging mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance. Emerg Infect Dis 2001;7:337–341.

  • 18.

    Clark L, Hall J. Avian influenza in wild birds: status as reservoirs, and risks to humans and agriculture. Ornithological monographs 2006;60:3–29.

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