Lofstedt RM. Miscellaneous diseases of pregnancy and parturition. In: McKinnon AO, Voss JL, eds. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: The Williams & Wilkins Co, 1993;596–603.
Giles RC, Donahue JM, Hong CB, et al. Causes of abortion, stillbirth, and perinatal death in horses: 3,527 cases (1986–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1993;203:1170–1175.
Reef VB, Vaala WE, Worth LT, et al. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetus and intrauterine environment in healthy mares during late gestation. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1995;36:533–541.
Troedsson MHT, Zent WH. Transrectal ultrasonography of the placenta in normal mares and mares with pending abortion: a field study, in Proceedings. 43rd Annu Conv Am Assoc Equine Pract Conv 1997;256–258.
LeBlanc MM, Macpherson M, Sheerin P. Ascending placentitis: what we know about pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment, in Proceedings. 47th Annu Conv Am Assoc Equine Pract 2004;127–143.
Donahue JM, Williams NM. Emergent causes of placentitis and abortion. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2000;16:443–456.
Christensen BW, Roberts JF, Pozor MA, et al. Nocardia-form placentitis in a Florida-bred mare. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006;228:1234–1239.
Ousey JC, Dudan FE, Rossdale PD. Mammary secretions in normal spontaneous and induced premature parturition in the mare (abstr). Equine Vet J 1984;16:259–263.
Advertisement