Comparison of curvilinear-array (microconvex) and phased-array transducers for ultrasonography of the lungs in dogs

Jessica L. Ward From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011

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Shane D. Murphy From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011

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Gregory R. Lisciandro From the Department of Hill Country Veterinary Specialists, Spicewood, TX 78699

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Melissa A. Tropf From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011

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Austin K. Viall From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011

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Teresa C. DeFrancesco Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To compare the use of curvilinear-array (microconvex) and phased-array transducers for ultrasonographic examination of the lungs in dogs.

ANIMALS

13 client-owned dogs with left-sided congestive heart failure.

PROCEDURES

In a prospective methods comparison study, 24 ultrasonographic examinations of the lungs (4 sites/hemithorax) were performed with both curvilinear-array and phased-array transducers at 3 clinical time points. Two observers independently assessed the number of B lines (scored per site and in total), number of sites strongly positive for B lines (ie, those with > 3 B lines/site), and image quality (scored on a 5-point scale). Analyses included assessment of interobserver agreement with κ analysis, comparison of quality scores between transducers with mixed-effects modeling, and investigation of agreement and bias for B-line data and quality scores between transducers with Passing-Bablok regression.

RESULTS

Interobserver agreement for total B-line scores and number of strong-positive sites was excellent (κ > 0.80) for both transducers. There was no evidence of analytic bias for the number of B lines or strong-positive sites between transducers. Interobserver agreement for image quality scores was moderate (κ, 0.498 and 0.517 for the curvilinear-array and phased-array transducers, respectively). Both observers consistently assigned higher-quality scores to curvilinear-array images than to phased-array images.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated both curvilinear-array (microconvex) and phased-array transducers can be used by experienced sonographers to obtain diagnostic ultrasonographic images of the lungs in dogs with acute or resolving left-sided congestive heart failure and suggested the former transducer may be preferred, particularly to aid identification of anatomic landmarks for orientation.

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