Cover American Journal of Veterinary Research
American Journal of Veterinary Research
ISSN:
0002-9645
Publication Date:
01 Sep 2019

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Editorial Type:
Hematology

Assessment of erythrocyte damage and in-line pressure changes associated with simulated transfusion of canine blood through microaggregate filters

Katie M. Cooley-Lock DVM, MS1, J. Peyton Williams BS1, Matthew L. Williams DVM2, Steven H. Elder PhD3, Robert W. Wills DVM, PhD2, Alicia K. Olivier DVM, PhD2, Todd M. Archer DVM, MS1, Andrew J. Mackin BVMS, MVS, DVSc1, and John M. Thomason DVM, MS1,2,3
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  • 1 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762.
  • | 2 2Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762.
  • | 3 3Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Bagley College of Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.80.9.852
Volume/Issue:
Volume 80: Issue 9
Online Publication Date:
01 Sep 2019
Restricted access
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether passage of whole blood through a microaggregate filter by use of a syringe pump would damage canine erythrocytes.

SAMPLE

Blood samples obtained from 8 healthy client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES

Whole blood was passed through a standard microaggregate filter by use of a syringe pump at 3 standard administration rates (12.5, 25, and 50 mL/h). Prefilter and postfilter blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of a simulated transfusion. Variables measured at each time point included erythrocyte osmotic fragility, mean corpuscular fragility, RBC count, hemoglobin concentration, RBC distribution width, and RBC morphology. In-line pressure when blood passed through the microaggregate filter was measured continuously throughout the simulated transfusion. After the simulated transfusion was completed, filters were visually analyzed by use of scanning electron microscopy.

RESULTS

Regardless of administration rate, there was no significant difference in mean corpuscular fragility, RBC count, hemoglobin concentration, or RBC distribution width between prefilter and postfilter samples. Additionally, there were no differences in in-line pressure during the simulated transfusion among administration rates. Echinocytes were the erythrocyte morphological abnormality most commonly observed at the end of the transfusion at administration rates of 12.5 and 25 mL/h.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that regardless of the administration rate, the microaggregate filter did not alter fragility of canine RBCs, but may have altered the morphology. It appeared that the microaggregate filter would not contribute to substantial RBC damage for transfusions performed with a syringe pump.

Contributor Notes

Address correspondence to Dr. Cooley-Lock (kmc176@msstate.edu).