Editorial Type:
Vaccinology

Effect of calf age and administration route of initial multivalent modified-live virus vaccine on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following subsequent administration of a booster vaccination at weaning in beef calves

Amelia R. Woolums Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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 DVM, PhD
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Roy D. Berghaus Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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 DVM, PhD
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Londa J. Berghaus Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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 MS
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Roger W. Ellis Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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 DVM, MS
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Mel E. Pence Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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Jeremiah T. Saliki Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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Katherine A. E. Hurley Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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Kimberly L. Galland Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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William W. Burdett Merck Animal Health, 8066 N 130th Rd, Cairo, NE 68824.

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Scott T. Nordstrom Merck Animal Health, 80 McKinley Rd, Middlebrook, VA 24459.

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David J. Hurley Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.74.2.343
Volume/Issue:
Volume 74: Issue 2
Online Publication Date:
01 Feb 2013
Restricted access
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Abstract

Objective—To compare immune responses following modified-live virus (MLV) vaccination at weaning after intranasal or SC administration of an MLV vaccine to beef calves at 2 or 70 days of age.

Animals—184 calves.

Procedures—Calves were allocated to 1 of 5 groups. The IN2 (n = 37) and IN70 (37) groups received an MLV vaccine containing bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) types 1 and 2, bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and parainfluenza 3 virus intranasally and a Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida bacterin SC at median ages of 2 and 70 days, respectively. The SC2 (n = 36) and SC70 (37) groups received a 7-way MLV vaccine containing BHV1, BVDV1, BVDV2, BRSV, parainfluenza 3 virus, M haemolytica, and P multocida SC at median ages of 2 and 70 days, respectively; the control group (37) remained unvaccinated until weaning. All calves received the 7-way MLV vaccine SC at median ages of 217 (weaning) and 231 days. Serum neutralizing antibody (SNA) titers against BHV1, BVDV1, and BRSV and intranasal IgA concentrations were determined at median ages of 2, 70, 140, 217, and 262 days. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) against BHV1, BRSV, BVDV1, and P multocida was determined for 16 calves/group.

Results—At median ages of 140 and 217 days, BVDV1 SNA titers were significantly higher for the SC70 group than those for the other groups. Intranasal IgA concentrations and CMI increased over time for all groups. Vaccination at weaning increased SNA titers and CMI in all groups.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—SC administration of an MLV vaccine to 70-day-old calves significantly increased BVDV1 antibody titers before weaning.

Abstract

Objective—To compare immune responses following modified-live virus (MLV) vaccination at weaning after intranasal or SC administration of an MLV vaccine to beef calves at 2 or 70 days of age.

Animals—184 calves.

Procedures—Calves were allocated to 1 of 5 groups. The IN2 (n = 37) and IN70 (37) groups received an MLV vaccine containing bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) types 1 and 2, bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and parainfluenza 3 virus intranasally and a Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida bacterin SC at median ages of 2 and 70 days, respectively. The SC2 (n = 36) and SC70 (37) groups received a 7-way MLV vaccine containing BHV1, BVDV1, BVDV2, BRSV, parainfluenza 3 virus, M haemolytica, and P multocida SC at median ages of 2 and 70 days, respectively; the control group (37) remained unvaccinated until weaning. All calves received the 7-way MLV vaccine SC at median ages of 217 (weaning) and 231 days. Serum neutralizing antibody (SNA) titers against BHV1, BVDV1, and BRSV and intranasal IgA concentrations were determined at median ages of 2, 70, 140, 217, and 262 days. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) against BHV1, BRSV, BVDV1, and P multocida was determined for 16 calves/group.

Results—At median ages of 140 and 217 days, BVDV1 SNA titers were significantly higher for the SC70 group than those for the other groups. Intranasal IgA concentrations and CMI increased over time for all groups. Vaccination at weaning increased SNA titers and CMI in all groups.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—SC administration of an MLV vaccine to 70-day-old calves significantly increased BVDV1 antibody titers before weaning.

Contributor Notes

This study was completed at the Northwest Georgia Research and Education Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Calhoun, GA 30703.

Supported by Merck Animal Health and the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine Food Animal Health Management Program.

Presented as an oral presentation at the Conference for Research Workers in Animal Disease, Chicago, December 2010.

The authors thank Phil Worley, Travis Turnquist, Shawn McCary, and Tyler Bagwell for technical assistance.

Address correspondence to Dr. Woolums (awoolums@uga.edu).
Cover American Journal of Veterinary Research
American Journal of Veterinary Research
Publication Date:
01 Feb 2013

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