Advertisement
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1. Apley M. Bovine respiratory disease: pathogenesis, clinical signs, and treatment in lightweight calves. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2006; 22: 399–411.
-
2. Nicholas RA. Mycoplasma bovis: disease, diagnosis, and control. Res Vet Sci 2003; 4: 105–112.
-
3. Wittum TE, Woollen NE, Perino LJ, et al. Relationships among treatment for respiratory tract disease, pulmonary lesions evident at slaughter, and rate of weight gain in feedlot cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996; 209: 814–818.
-
4. Gardner BA, Dolezal HG, Bryant LK, et al. Health of finishing steers: effects on performance, carcass traits, and meat tenderness. J Anim Sci 1999; 77: 3168–3175.
-
5. White BJ, Renter DG. Bayesian estimation of the performance of using clinical observations and harvest lung lesions for diagnosing bovine respiratory disease in post-weaned beef calves. J Vet Lab Diagn 2009; 21: 446–453.
-
6. Hayes G, Mathews K, Kruth S, et al. Illness severity scores in veterinary medicine: what can we learn? J Vet Intern Med 2010; 24: 457–466.
-
7. Dohoo I, Martin W, Stryhm H. Veterinary epidemiologic research. 2nd ed. Charlottetown, PE, Canada: VER Inc, 2009; 5: 92–94.
-
8. White BJ, Anderson DE, Renter DG, et al. Clinical, behavioral, and pulmonary changes following Mycoplasma bovis challenge in calves. Am J Vet Res 2012; 73: 490–497.
-
9. Perino LJ, Apley M. Clinical trial design in feedlots. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 1998; 14: 243–266.
-
10. Fajt VR, Apley MD, Roth JA, et al. The effects of danofloxacin and tilmicosin on neutrophil function and lung consolidation in beef heifer calves with induced Pasteurella (Mannheimia) haemolytica pneumonia. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2003; 26: 173–179.
-
11. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977; 33: 159–174.
-
12. Kristensen E, Dueholm L, Vink D, et al. Within- and across-person uniformity of body condition scoring in Danish Holstein cattle. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89: 3721–3728.
-
13. Wagai J, Senga J, Fegan G, et al. Examining agreement between clinicians when assessing sick children. PloS One [serial online] 2009; 4:e4626. Available at www.plosone.org/article/info%3adoi%2F10journal.pone.0004626. Accessed Jan 21, 2012.
-
14. March S, Brinkmann J, Winkler C. Effect of training on the inter-observer reliability of lameness scoring in dairy cattle. Anim Welf 2007; 16: 131–133.
-
15. Keegan KG, Dent EV, Wilson DA, et al. Repeatability of subjective evaluation of lameness in horses. Equine Vet J 2010; 42: 92–97.
-
16. Channon AJ, Walker AM, Pfau T, et al. Variability of Manson and Leaver locomotion scores assigned to dairy cows by different observers. Vet Rec 2009; 164: 388–392.
-
17. Thompson PN, Stone A, Schultheiss WA. Use of treatment records and lung lesion scoring to estimate the effect of respiratory disease on growth during early and late finishing periods in South African feedlot cattle. J Anim Sci 2006; 84: 488–498.
-
18. Schneider MJ, Tait RG Jr, Busby WD, et al. An evaluation of bovine respiratory disease complex in feedlot cattle: impact on performance and carcass traits using treatment records and lung lesion scores. J Anim Sci 2009; 87: 1821–1827.
-
19. Bryant LK, Perino LJ, Griffin D, et al. A method for recording pulmonary lesions of beef calves at slaughter, and the association of lesions with average daily gain. Bovine Pract 1999; 33: 163–173.
Advertisement
Precision and accuracy of clinical illness scores, compared with pulmonary consolidation scores, in Holstein calves with experimentally induced Mycoplasma bovis pneumonia
Abstract
Objective—To determine the precision of a clinical illness score (CIS) system for identification of clinical signs in calves with experimentally induced Mycoplasma bovis pneumonia and to evaluate the accuracy of CISs in relation to pulmonary consolidation scores assigned at necropsy.
Animals—178 Holstein bull calves that were 52 to 91 days of age at the time of pneumonia induction.
Procedures—5 trials involved calves challenged with M bovis and scheduled for euthanasia and necropsy 12 to 24 days afterward. Nine veterinarian observers with various degrees of experience simultaneously assigned CISs to calves within 48 hours before necropsy. The precision of the CIS system among observers was evaluated via the Cohen κ statistic. The accuracy of each observer's CISs relative to 6 cutoffs (≥ 5%, ≥ 10%, ≥ 15%, ≥ 20%, ≥ 25%, and ≥ 30%) of percentage pulmonary consolidation was determined by comparing prenecropsy CISs with the gross pulmonary consolidation scores assigned at necropsy. Estimates for sensitivity and specificity were calculated relative to the 6 pulmonary consolidation cutoffs.
Results—A slight level of agreement was evident among observers (κ range, 0.10 to 0.21 for the individual trials) and overall (κ = 0.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.10 to 0.24). Median sensitivity and specificity changed with pulmonary consolidation score cutoff. Median sensitivity for all observers ranged from 81.7% to 98.9%, and median specificity ranged from 80.8% to 94.9% over all cutoff values.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Agreement among observers assigning CISs to calves was low; the accuracy of the CIS system in relation to that of pulmonary consolidation scoring varied with the severity of consolidation considered to represent bovine respiratory disease.
Contributor Notes
This manuscript represents a portion of a dissertation submitted by the senior author to the Kansas State University Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology as partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Doctor of Philosophy degree.
Supported in part by CEVA/Biomune.
Presented in abstract form at the Phi Zeta Day of Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kan, March 2012.
The authors thank Drs. Matt Miesner, Brandon Fraser, Carrie Wheeler, and Amanda Hartnack for assistance in data collection.
Powered by PubFactory