Editorial Type:
Neurology

Investigation of the use of three electroencephalographic electrodes for long-term electroencephalographic recording in awake and sedated dogs

Fiona M. K. James Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

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 DVM, MSc
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Dana G. Allen Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

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 DVM, MSc
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Alexa M. E. Bersenas Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

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W. Larry Grovum Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

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 PhD
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Carolyn L. Kerr Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

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Gabrielle Monteith Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

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Joane M. Parent Département de Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QCJ2S 7C6, Canada.

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Roberto Poma Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.72.3.384
Volume/Issue:
Volume 72: Issue 3
Online Publication Date:
01 Mar 2011
Restricted access
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Abstract

Objective—To compare electroencephalography (EEG) artifact associated with use of the subdermal wire electrode (SWE), gold cup electrode (GCE), and subdermal needle electrode (SNE) over an 8-hour period in sedated and awake dogs.

Animals—6 healthy dogs.

Procedures—8 EEG channels were recorded during 20-minute video-EEG recording sessions (intermittently at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours) with and without chlorpromazine sedation. Nonphysiologic artifacts were identified. Duration of artifact was summed for each channel. Number of unaffected channels (NUC) was determined.

Results—NUC was significantly affected by electrode type and sedation over time; median for SWE (2.80 channels; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84 to 5.70 channels) was significantly different from medians for GCE (7.87 channels; 95% CI, 7.44 to 7.94 channels) and SNE (7.60 channels; 95% CI, 6.61 to 7.89 channels). After 4 hours, NUC decreased in awake dogs, regardless of electrode type. In awake dogs, duration of artifact differed significantly between SWE and GCE or SNE; medians at 8 hours were 61.55 seconds (95% CI, 21.81 to 173.65 seconds), 1.33 seconds (95% CI, 0.47 to 3.75 seconds), and 21.01 seconds (95% CI, 6.85 to 64.42 seconds), respectively.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The SWE had a significant duration of artifact during recording periods > 2 hours, compared with results for the GCE and SNE, in awake dogs. The GCE, SNE, and sedation resulted in significantly more channels unaffected by artifact. For longer recordings, caution should be exercised in selecting EEG electrodes and sedation state, although differences among electrodes may not be clinically relevant.

Abstract

Objective—To compare electroencephalography (EEG) artifact associated with use of the subdermal wire electrode (SWE), gold cup electrode (GCE), and subdermal needle electrode (SNE) over an 8-hour period in sedated and awake dogs.

Animals—6 healthy dogs.

Procedures—8 EEG channels were recorded during 20-minute video-EEG recording sessions (intermittently at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours) with and without chlorpromazine sedation. Nonphysiologic artifacts were identified. Duration of artifact was summed for each channel. Number of unaffected channels (NUC) was determined.

Results—NUC was significantly affected by electrode type and sedation over time; median for SWE (2.80 channels; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84 to 5.70 channels) was significantly different from medians for GCE (7.87 channels; 95% CI, 7.44 to 7.94 channels) and SNE (7.60 channels; 95% CI, 6.61 to 7.89 channels). After 4 hours, NUC decreased in awake dogs, regardless of electrode type. In awake dogs, duration of artifact differed significantly between SWE and GCE or SNE; medians at 8 hours were 61.55 seconds (95% CI, 21.81 to 173.65 seconds), 1.33 seconds (95% CI, 0.47 to 3.75 seconds), and 21.01 seconds (95% CI, 6.85 to 64.42 seconds), respectively.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The SWE had a significant duration of artifact during recording periods > 2 hours, compared with results for the GCE and SNE, in awake dogs. The GCE, SNE, and sedation resulted in significantly more channels unaffected by artifact. For longer recordings, caution should be exercised in selecting EEG electrodes and sedation state, although differences among electrodes may not be clinically relevant.

Contributor Notes

This manuscript represents a portion of a thesis submitted by the senior author to the University of Guelph Office of Graduate Studies as partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Doctor of Veterinary Science degree.

Supported by grants from the Ontario Veterinary College Pet Trust and the Canadian Foundation for Innovation.

Presented in part as an oral abstract at the 26th Annual American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Forum, Montreal, June 2009.

The authors thank Robert Cook and John R. Ives for technical assistance.

Address correspondence to Dr. James (jamesf@uoguelph.ca).

Deceased.

Cover American Journal of Veterinary Research
American Journal of Veterinary Research
Publication Date:
01 Mar 2011
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