Editorial Type:
Infectious Disease

Estimation of the time of seroconversion to the New Jersey serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus in sentinel cattle of dairy herds located at high and low elevations in southern Mexico

Aiko D. AdellFrom the Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616

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Andres M. PerezFrom the Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina

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Roberto Navarro LopezExotic Animal Disease Commission, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria, km. 15.5 Carretera Mexico—Toluca, Palo Alto, Deleg Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, DF, Mexico 05110

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Irene Lopez GonzalezExotic Animal Disease Commission, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria, km. 15.5 Carretera Mexico—Toluca, Palo Alto, Deleg Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, DF, Mexico 05110

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Pedro Paz RamirezExotic Animal Disease Commission, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria, km. 15.5 Carretera Mexico—Toluca, Palo Alto, Deleg Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, DF, Mexico 05110

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Luis L. RodriguezForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, PO Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.71.12.1451
Volume/Issue:
Volume 71: Issue 12
Online Publication Date:
01 Dec 2010
Restricted access
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Abstract

Objective—To estimate the time of seroconversion to the New Jersey serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSNJV) in sentinel cattle of dairy herds located at high and low elevations in southern Mexico and to determine the factors associated with an increase in VSNJV transmission.

Animals—471 dairy cattle in 4 free-ranging dairy herds located at high and low elevations in southern Mexico.

Procedures—Serum samples from all cattle were screened by use of serum neutralization (SN) tests for antibodies against VSNJV. Cattle with SN titers < 1:20 were designated as sentinel cattle and tested every 10 weeks for seroconversion to VSNJV (SN titer ≥ 1:80). A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to compare the hazard for seroconversion between sentinel cattle located at high and low elevations and kept under similar management and nutritional conditions.

Results—Hazard of VSNJV seroconversion was significantly higher for sentinel cattle located at high elevations, compared with the hazard for sentinel cattle located at low elevations. Dairy cattle located at high elevations seroconverted to VSNJV more frequently during the rainy season and the beginning of the dry season.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Seroconversion to VSNJV was more likely in dairy cattle in southern Mexico located at high elevations than in dairy cattle located at low elevations. These findings should contribute to understanding the dynamics of VSNJV infection in endemic areas and should be useful in the design of effective preventive and control strategies to decrease the impact of future VSV incursions.

Abstract

Objective—To estimate the time of seroconversion to the New Jersey serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSNJV) in sentinel cattle of dairy herds located at high and low elevations in southern Mexico and to determine the factors associated with an increase in VSNJV transmission.

Animals—471 dairy cattle in 4 free-ranging dairy herds located at high and low elevations in southern Mexico.

Procedures—Serum samples from all cattle were screened by use of serum neutralization (SN) tests for antibodies against VSNJV. Cattle with SN titers < 1:20 were designated as sentinel cattle and tested every 10 weeks for seroconversion to VSNJV (SN titer ≥ 1:80). A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to compare the hazard for seroconversion between sentinel cattle located at high and low elevations and kept under similar management and nutritional conditions.

Results—Hazard of VSNJV seroconversion was significantly higher for sentinel cattle located at high elevations, compared with the hazard for sentinel cattle located at low elevations. Dairy cattle located at high elevations seroconverted to VSNJV more frequently during the rainy season and the beginning of the dry season.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Seroconversion to VSNJV was more likely in dairy cattle in southern Mexico located at high elevations than in dairy cattle located at low elevations. These findings should contribute to understanding the dynamics of VSNJV infection in endemic areas and should be useful in the design of effective preventive and control strategies to decrease the impact of future VSV incursions.

Contributor Notes

Supported by the US National Center for Medical Intelligence, by the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Current Research Information System project No. 1940–32000–054–00D, and by the ARS–UC Davis Specific Cooperative Agreement No. 58–1940–9–970.

Address correspondence to Dr. Perez (amperez@ucdavis.edu).
Cover American Journal of Veterinary Research
American Journal of Veterinary Research
ISSN:
0002-9645
Publication Date:
01 Dec 2010
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