Histologic and micro–computed tomographic evaluation of the osseointegration of a nonresorbable bone substitute in alveoli of ponies after tooth extraction

Lieven Vlaminck Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.

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Veerle Cnudde Department of Geology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

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Koen Pieters Department of Geology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

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Wim Van Den Broeck Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.

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Michel Steenhaut Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.

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Patric Jacobs Department of Geology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

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Frank Gasthuys Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.69.5.604
Volume/Issue:
Volume 69: Issue 5
Online Publication Date:
01 May 2008
Restricted access
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Abstract

Objective—To evaluate the biological behavior of a nonresorbable bone substitute (NRBS) in the alveoli of ponies, compared with tissue quality in naturally healing alveoli, after cheek tooth extraction.

Animals—5 clinically normal ponies.

Procedures—In each pony, both maxillary fourth premolars (Triadan 108/208) were repulsed bilaterally during anesthesia. One randomly chosen alveolus was filled with NRBS and isolated from the oral cavity by use of dental impression material and a spring-wire retention device. The other alveolus was occluded in its occlusal third portion with dental impression material. One year after surgery, cylindrical lateromedial biopsy specimens were collected from the apical, middle, and occlusal level of each alveolus. Biopsy samples were evaluated for bone mineral density and bone volume via micro–computed tomography; qualitative histologic characteristics were evaluated via light microscopy.

Results—Bone mineral density and bone volume were greater in control alveoli, compared with NRBS-treated alveoli. Control alveoli were characterized by the presence of few mature bone trabeculae and wide spaces containing fat tissue and mesenchymal stroma. In treated alveoli, biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties of the NRBS were excellent; continuous bone formation and bone remodeling were also evident.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that the NRBS was integrated well in calcified alveolar tissues in ponies 1 year after maxillary cheek tooth extraction. Further research is necessary to establish the benefits of this NRBS in the development of a dental implant surgical technique in equids.

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate the biological behavior of a nonresorbable bone substitute (NRBS) in the alveoli of ponies, compared with tissue quality in naturally healing alveoli, after cheek tooth extraction.

Animals—5 clinically normal ponies.

Procedures—In each pony, both maxillary fourth premolars (Triadan 108/208) were repulsed bilaterally during anesthesia. One randomly chosen alveolus was filled with NRBS and isolated from the oral cavity by use of dental impression material and a spring-wire retention device. The other alveolus was occluded in its occlusal third portion with dental impression material. One year after surgery, cylindrical lateromedial biopsy specimens were collected from the apical, middle, and occlusal level of each alveolus. Biopsy samples were evaluated for bone mineral density and bone volume via micro–computed tomography; qualitative histologic characteristics were evaluated via light microscopy.

Results—Bone mineral density and bone volume were greater in control alveoli, compared with NRBS-treated alveoli. Control alveoli were characterized by the presence of few mature bone trabeculae and wide spaces containing fat tissue and mesenchymal stroma. In treated alveoli, biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties of the NRBS were excellent; continuous bone formation and bone remodeling were also evident.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that the NRBS was integrated well in calcified alveolar tissues in ponies 1 year after maxillary cheek tooth extraction. Further research is necessary to establish the benefits of this NRBS in the development of a dental implant surgical technique in equids.

Contributor Notes

Address correspondence to Dr. Vlaminck.
Cover American Journal of Veterinary Research
American Journal of Veterinary Research
Publication Date:
01 May 2008
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